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Wiktionary

sic

See also: SIC, siç, sić, šić, and šič

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Learned borrowing from Latin sīc (“thus, so”).

Adverb

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sic (not comparable)

  1. Thus; as written; used to indicate, for example, that text is being quoted as it is from the source.
    • 1909 January 28, H. E. Wilkie Young, “Notes on the City of Mosul” (despatch No. 4), in Foreign Office, volume 195, number 2308; quoted in Elie Khadouri[e], “Mosul in 1909”, in Middle Eastern Studies‎[1], volume 7, number 2, 1971, →JSTOR, page 229:
      When it is all over they merge and go in a body to visit [...] the Telegraph Office – with plausible expressions of regret and excuses for the mob ‘which’ they say ‘is deplorably ignorant and will not be restrained when its feelings are strongly moved’ – sic, the fact being that the mob’s feelings will never be ‘moved’ unless it is by one of them.
    • 2003, Monika Fludernik, The Fictions of Language and the Languages of Fiction, Routledge, →ISBN, page 468:
      Bolinger, Dwight (1977) ‘Pronoun and repeated nouns.’ Lingua18:1-34 [Quoted sic in Toolan 1990. Neither in Lingua 18, nor in the 1977 volume of that journal.]
    • 2006, Christina Scull with Wayne G. Hammond, JRR Tolkien companion & guide, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN:
      Joseph Wright, his predecessor in the chair, called him ‘a firstrate Scholar and a kind of man who will easily make friends’ at Oxford (quoted, sic, in E.M. Wright, The Life of Joseph Wright (1932), p. 483).
    • 2010, Paul Booth, Digital Fandom: New Media Studies, Peter Lang, →ISBN, page 127:
      Jim’s Interests: General: Working out, hanging out at the local bars, expanding my mind, eating Tuna Sandwhiches...or so I’m told and poker... Television: ... this show that’s on Thuresday nights at 8 :30pm... I can’t place the name of it but it has this crazy interview style thing...[all sic]
    • 2012, Milton J. Bates, The Bark River Chronicles: Stories from a Wisconsin Watershed, Wisconsin Historical Society, →ISBN, page 271:
      whole bussiness: Quoted sic in George F. Willison, Saints and Strangers (New York: Reynal and Hitchcock, 1945)
  2. (by extension) Used in the manner of scare quotes
    • 1979 December 29, Vern Hall-Smith, “Fundamentalists March”, in Gay Community News, volume 7, number 23, page 5:
      In the past few months, we in Upstate N.Y. have been subjected to fire bombings, firings, verbal and physical harassment, etc. The list goes on and on. These (sic) Christians are calling for a million marchers and may very well get that many.
Usage notes
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Sic is frequently used to indicate that an error or apparent error of spelling, grammar, or logic has been quoted faithfully; for instance, quoting the U.S. Constitution:

The House of Representatives shall chuse [sic] their Speaker ...

Sic is often set off from surrounding text by parentheses or brackets, which sometimes enclose additional notes, as:

  • 1884, James Grant, Cassell’s old and new Edinburgh, page 99:
    This I may say of her, to which all that saw her will bear record, that her only countenance moved [sic, meaning that its expression alone was touching], although she had not spoken a word […]

Because it is not an abbreviation, it does not require a following period.

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Translations
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Verb

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sic (third-person singular simple present sics, present participle siccing, simple past and past participle sicced)

  1. To mark with a bracketed sic.[1]
    • 1887 May 7, E. Belfort Bax, “On Some Forms of Modern Cant”, in Commonweal‎[2]:
      The fact is, of course, that the modern reviewer’s taste is not really shocked by half the things he sics or otherwise castigates, but he must find something to say and above all make a slow of purism.

Etymology 2

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Variant of seek.

Alternative forms

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Verb

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sic (third-person singular simple present sics, present participle siccing, simple past and past participle sicced)

  1. (transitive) To incite an attack by, especially a dog or dogs.
    He sicced his dog on me!
    • 1992, Bruce Sterling, The Hacker Crackdown‎[3], →ISBN:
      Phreaks can max-out 911 systems just by siccing a bunch of computer-modems on them in tandem, dialling them over and over until they clog.
    • 2019, Brian Merchant, “Click Here to Kill: The dark world of online murder markets”, in Harper’s Magazine‎[4], volume 2020, number January:
      I was interviewing the victims of a harebrained scheme to sic contract killers on an innocent woman
  2. (transitive) To set upon; to chase; to attack.
    Sic ’em, Mitzi.
Usage notes
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  • The sense of “set upon” is most commonly used as an imperative, in a command to an animal.
Translations
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References

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  1. ^ “sic, adv. (and n.)” Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition 1989. Oxford University Press.

See also

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  • sic bo (etymologically unrelated)

Anagrams

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Dutch

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Etymology

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From Latin sīc (“thus, so”).

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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sic

  1. sic (thus)

Usage notes

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Sic is frequently used to indicate that an error or apparent error of spelling, grammar, or logic has been quoted faithfully. In Flanders, it is also used to quote derogatory terms in a formal context.

‘Ik heb begrepen dat ik “geoordeeld” (sic) zal worden door de geschiedenis, ik veronderstel dat we dat allemaal ooit zullen ondergaan.’ - French-speaking journalist Alexandre Penasse is quoted by newspaper De Standaard making a mistake against the Dutch language, as it is clear from the context that he meant “veroordeeld”. 19/02/2022.

French

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin sīc (“thus, so”). Doublet of si.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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sic

  1. sic (thus)

Usage notes

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Same usage notes as in English apply.

Further reading

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Regular apocope of sīce, from sī +‎ -ce, from Proto-Indo-European *só (“this, that”) and Proto-Indo-European *ḱe- (“demonstrative particle”). See also components for cognates.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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sīc (not comparable)

  1. thus, so, like this, in this way
    • c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 2.13:
      Ut ager, quamvīs fertilis, sine cultūrā frūctuōsus esse nōn potest, sīc sine doctrīnā animus.
      Just as the field, however fertile, without cultivation cannot be fruitful, likewise the soul without education.
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.660:
      “Sīc, sīc iuvat īre sub umbrās.”
      “Thus, in this way it pleases me to pass beneath the shadows.”
      (Dido’s final words include the doubly emphatic “sic, sic”; translations vary. Servius the Grammarian, in his Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, understood it as the moment Dido falls upon the sword of Aeneas.)
    1. as stated or as follows, to this effect
    2. (as a correlative to ut, quōmodo etc.)
    3. (with restrictive or conditional force, also with ut or nē)
    4. in such a (good or bad) way, like that, so much

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Derived terms

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Latin correlatives (edit)
type demonstrative anaphoric identity interrogative/
relative		 indefinite negative other
proximal medial distal relative indefinite free choice universal negative polarity
basic hic iste, istic ille, illic is ipse, īdem quis/quī quisquis, quīcumque quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiam quīvis, quīlibet quisque quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam nēmō, nihil, nūllus alius
dual uter utercumque alteruter utervīs, uterlibet uterque neuter alter
place hīc istīc illīc ibī̆ ibī̆dem ubī̆ ubiubi, ubī̆cumque alicubī, uspiam ubivīs, ubilibet ubīque usquam nusquam, nūllibī alibī, aliās
source hinc istinc illinc inde indidem unde undecumque, undeunde alicunde °undelibet undique aliunde
destination hūc, °hōrsum istūc, °istōrsum illūc, °illōrsum eō eōdem quō, quōrsum quōquō, quōcumque aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum quōvīs, quōlibet quōquam nusquam, nūllōrsum aliō, aliōrsum
method,
means,
path,
place 		hāc istāc illāc eā eādem quā quāquā, quācumque aliquā quāvīs, quālibet quāque nēquāquam, haudquāquam aliā
manner hōc modō istō modō illō modō ita, sīc,
eō modō		 item, itidem ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō quōmodolibet utīque ūllō modō nūllō modō aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
time num, nunc ōlim tum, tunc simul quandō, ‡cum cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque quondam, aliquandō quandōlibet quandōque umquam numquam aliās
quantity tam †tamen, †tandem quam †quamquam aliquam quamvīs, quamlibet
size tantus tantusdem quantus quantuscumque aliquantus quantusvīs, quantuslibet
quality tālis quālis quālis, quāliscumque aliquālis quālislibet
number tot totidem quot quotquot, quotcumque aliquot quotlibet
order totus quotus quotuscumque aliquotus quotuslibet
repetition totiēns quotiēns quotiēnscumque aliquotiēns quotiēnslibet
multiplication totuplex quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated
° Rare
‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative

Descendants

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  • Aromanian: shi
  • Asturian: sí
  • Catalan: sí
  • Corsican: sì
  • Dalmatian: sai
  • Franco-Provençal: si, -se (in asse, ense)
  • French: si
  • Friulian: sì
  • Galician: si
  • Italian: sì
  • Megleno-Romanian: și
  • Portuguese: sim
  • Romanian: și
  • Romansch: schi
  • Sicilian: sì, se
  • Spanish: sí
  • → English: sic

References

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  • “sic”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “sic”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • sic in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[5], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • that is the way of the world; such is life: sic vita hominum est
    • the facts are these; the matter stands thus: res ita est, ita (sic) se habet
    • convince yourself of this; rest assured on this point: sic habeto
    • convince yourself of this; rest assured on this point: sic volo te tibi persuadere
    • to represent a thing dramatically: sic exponere aliquid, quasi agatur res (non quasi narretur)
    • anger is defined as a passionate desire for revenge: iracundiam sic (ita) definiunt, ut ulciscendi libidinem esse dicant or ut u. libido sit or iracundiam sic definiunt, ulc. libidinem
    • I felt quite at home in his house: apud eum sic fui tamquam domi meae (Fam. 13. 69)
  • sic in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[6], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

Old English

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *sīk, from Proto-Germanic *sīką.

Noun

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sīċ m or n

  1. a watercourse, stream

Descendants

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References

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Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: sic

Adverb

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sic (not comparable)

  1. sic (used to indicate that a quoted word has been transcribed exactly as found in the source text)

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin sic.

Adverb

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sic

  1. sic

Scots

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle English sich, from Old English swelc.

Adjective

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sic (not comparable)

  1. such
    • 1869, Robert Burns, “The Tree of Liberty”, in Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect, volume III (Posthumous Poems), Kilmarnock, Scotland: […] James M‘Kie, →OCLC, page 360:
      I'd gie my ſhoon frae aff my feet, / To taſte ſic fruit, I ſwear, man. / Syne let us pray, auld England may / Sure plant this far-famed tree, man; / And blythe we'll ſing, and hail the day / That gave us liberty, man.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Pronoun

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sic

  1. such

Serbo-Croatian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Upper German Sitz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sȉc m (Cyrillic spelling си̏ц)

  1. (dialectal) seat (of a vehicle)
    Synonym: sjȅdalo

Further reading

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  • “sic”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsik/ [ˈsik]
  • Rhymes: -ik
  • Syllabification: sic

Adverb

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sic

  1. sic (thus; as written)

Further reading

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Anagrams

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