liukua
Finnish
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Finnic *liukudak. Related to liukas and probably derived from the same root; liuk- + -ua.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editliukua
- to slide (to move in continuous contact with a surface)
- to slide, glide (to pass along smoothly or unobservedly)
- Synonym: lipua
- Laivaa liukuu veden halki.
- A ship slides through the water.
- (music) to slide (to smoothly pass from one note to another by bending the pitch upwards or downwards)
- (music) to segue (to make a smooth transition from one theme to another)
- Beethovenin sinfoniat liukuvat vaivattomasti teemasta toiseen.
- Beethoven’s symphonies effortlessly segue from one theme to the next.
- (nautical) to plane, hydroplane (of a boat, to move in a way that lifts the bow out of the water)
- Synonym: plaanata
Conjugation
editInflection of liukua (Kotus type 52*D/sanoa, k-∅ gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | liu'un | en liu’u | 1st sing. | olen liukunut | en ole liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | liu'ut | et liu’u | 2nd sing. | olet liukunut | et ole liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | liukuu | ei liu’u | 3rd sing. | on liukunut | ei ole liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | liu'umme | emme liu’u | 1st plur. | olemme liukuneet | emme ole liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | liu'utte | ette liu’u | 2nd plur. | olette liukuneet | ette ole liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | liukuvat | eivät liu’u | 3rd plur. | ovat liukuneet | eivät ole liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | liu'utaan | ei liu’uta | passive | on liu'uttu | ei ole liu'uttu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | liu'uin | en liukunut | 1st sing. | olin liukunut | en ollut liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | liu'uit | et liukunut | 2nd sing. | olit liukunut | et ollut liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | liukui | ei liukunut | 3rd sing. | oli liukunut | ei ollut liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | liu'uimme | emme liukuneet | 1st plur. | olimme liukuneet | emme olleet liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | liu'uitte | ette liukuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte liukuneet | ette olleet liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | liukuivat | eivät liukuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat liukuneet | eivät olleet liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | liu'uttiin | ei liu’uttu | passive | oli liu'uttu | ei ollut liu'uttu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | liukuisin | en liukuisi | 1st sing. | olisin liukunut | en olisi liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | liukuisit | et liukuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit liukunut | et olisi liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | liukuisi | ei liukuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi liukunut | ei olisi liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | liukuisimme | emme liukuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme liukuneet | emme olisi liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | liukuisitte | ette liukuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte liukuneet | ette olisi liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | liukuisivat | eivät liukuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat liukuneet | eivät olisi liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | liu'uttaisiin | ei liu’uttaisi | passive | olisi liu'uttu | ei olisi liu'uttu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | liu'u | älä liu’u | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | liukukoon | älköön liukuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon liukunut | älköön olko liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | liukukaamme | älkäämme liukuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | liukukaa | älkää liukuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | liukukoot | älkööt liukuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot liukuneet | älkööt olko liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | liu'uttakoon | älköön liu’uttako | passive | olkoon liu'uttu | älköön olko liu'uttu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | liukunen | en liukune | 1st sing. | lienen liukunut | en liene liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | liukunet | et liukune | 2nd sing. | lienet liukunut | et liene liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | liukunee | ei liukune | 3rd sing. | lienee liukunut | ei liene liukunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | liukunemme | emme liukune | 1st plur. | lienemme liukuneet | emme liene liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | liukunette | ette liukune | 2nd plur. | lienette liukuneet | ette liene liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | liukunevat | eivät liukune | 3rd plur. | lienevät liukuneet | eivät liene liukuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | liu'uttaneen | ei liu’uttane | passive | lienee liu'uttu | ei liene liu'uttu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | liukua | present | liukuva | liu'uttava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | liukunut | liu'uttu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | liukuessa | liu'uttaessa | agent4 | liukuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | liukumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | liukuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | liukumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | liukumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | liukumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | liukumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | liukumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | liukuman | liu'uttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | liukuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
editadjectives
nouns
verbs
Related terms
editFurther reading
edit- “liukua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
editNoun
editliukua
Ingrian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *liukudak. Cognates include Finnish liukua and Estonian liuguda.
Pronunciation
edit- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈliu̯kuɑ/, [ˈlʲiu̯ko̞]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈlʲiu̯kuɑ/, [ˈlʲiu̯kuɑ]
- Rhymes: -iu̯koː, -iu̯kuɑ
- Hyphenation: liu‧ku‧a
Verb
editliukua
- (intransitive) to skate; to slide; to ski; to bike
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 12:
- Liukuut konjkiil ja kelkkoil, lumenka tiukkaat, laatiit lumiukkoja, mäkijä tekkööt, veenkä valeloot ja pakkaist kutsuut.
- They are skating on ice skates and sliding on sleds, they're playing with the snow, making snowmen, making sledging hills, pouring [each other] with water and inviting the frost.
Conjugation
editConjugation of liukua (type 1/ampua, iuk-ivv gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | livvun | en livvu | 1st singular | oon liukunt, oon liukunut | en oo liukunt, en oo liukunut |
2nd singular | livvut | et livvu | 2nd singular | oot liukunt, oot liukunut | et oo liukunt, et oo liukunut |
3rd singular | liukuu | ei livvu | 3rd singular | ono liukunt, ono liukunut | ei oo liukunt, ei oo liukunut |
1st plural | livvumma | emmä livvu | 1st plural | oomma liukuneet | emmä oo liukuneet |
2nd plural | livvutta | että livvu | 2nd plural | ootta liukuneet | että oo liukuneet |
3rd plural | liukuut1), liukuvat2), livvutaa | evät livvu, ei livvuta | 3rd plural | ovat liukuneet | evät oo liukuneet, ei oo livvuttu |
impersonal | livvutaa | ei livvuta | impersonal | ono livvuttu | ei oo livvuttu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | livvuin | en liukunt, en liukunut | 1st singular | olin liukunt, olin liukunut | en olt liukunt, en olt liukunut |
2nd singular | livvuit | et liukunt, et liukunut | 2nd singular | olit liukunt, olit liukunut | et olt liukunt, et olt liukunut |
3rd singular | liukui | ei liukunt, ei liukunut | 3rd singular | oli liukunt, oli liukunut | ei olt liukunt, ei olt liukunut |
1st plural | livvuimma | emmä liukuneet | 1st plural | olimma liukuneet | emmä olleet liukuneet |
2nd plural | livvuitta | että liukuneet | 2nd plural | olitta liukuneet | että olleet liukuneet |
3rd plural | liukuit1), liukuivat2), livvuttii | evät liukuneet, ei livvuttu | 3rd plural | olivat liukuneet | evät olleet liukuneet, ei olt livvuttu |
impersonal | livvuttii | ei livvuttu | impersonal | oli livvuttu | ei olt livvuttu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | liukuisin | en liukuis | 1st singular | olisin liukunt, olisin liukunut | en olis liukunt, en olis liukunut |
2nd singular | liukuisit, liukuist1) | et liukuis | 2nd singular | olisit liukunt, olisit liukunut | et olis liukunt, et olis liukunut |
3rd singular | liukuis | ei liukuis | 3rd singular | olis liukunt, olis liukunut | ei olis liukunt, ei olis liukunut |
1st plural | liukuisimma | emmä liukuis | 1st plural | olisimma liukuneet | emmä olis liukuneet |
2nd plural | liukuisitta | että liukuis | 2nd plural | olisitta liukuneet | että olis liukuneet |
3rd plural | liukuisiit1), liukuisivat2), livvuttais | evät liukuis, ei livvuttais | 3rd plural | olisivat liukuneet | evät olis liukuneet, ei olis livvuttu |
impersonal | livvuttais | ei livvuttais | impersonal | olis livvuttu | ei olis livvuttu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | livvu | elä livvu | 2nd singular | oo liukunt, oo liukunut | elä oo liukunt, elä oo liukunut |
3rd singular | liukukoo | elköö liukuko | 3rd singular | olkoo liukunt, olkoo liukunut | elköö olko liukunt, elköö olko liukunut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | liukukaa | elkää liukuko | 2nd plural | olkaa liukuneet | elkää olko liukuneet |
3rd plural | liukukoot | elkööt liukuko, elköö livvuttako | 3rd plural | olkoot liukuneet | elkööt olko liukuneet, elköö olko livvuttu |
impersonal | livvuttakkoo | elköö livvuttako | impersonal | olkoo livvuttu | elköö olko livvuttu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | liukunen | en liukune | |||
2nd singular | liukunet | et liukune | |||
3rd singular | liukunoo | ei liukune | |||
1st plural | liukunemma | emmä liukune | |||
2nd plural | liukunetta | että liukune | |||
3rd plural | liukunoot | evät liukune, ei livvuttane | |||
impersonal | livvuttannoo | ei livvuttane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | liukua | present | liukuva | livvuttava | |
2nd | inessive | liukujees | past | liukunt, liukunut | livvuttu |
instructive | liukuen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (liukukaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | liukumaa | |||
inessive | liukumaas | ||||
elative | liukumast | ||||
abessive | liukumata | ||||
4th | nominative | liukumiin | |||
partitive | liukumista, liukumist |
Derived terms
editRelated terms
edit- liukas (“slippery”)
References
edit- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 269
Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms suffixed with -ua
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/iukuɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/iukuɑ/3 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- fi:Music
- fi:Nautical
- Finnish sanoa-type verbs
- Finnish non-lemma forms
- Finnish noun forms
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/iu̯koː
- Rhymes:Ingrian/iu̯koː/3 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/iu̯kuɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/iu̯kuɑ/3 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian verbs
- Ingrian intransitive verbs
- Ingrian terms with quotations