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Estonian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *kic'as. Cognate with Finnish kitsas.

Adjective

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kitsas (genitive kitsa, partitive kitsast, comparative kitsam, superlative kõige kitsam)

  1. narrow
    Antonym: lai

Declension

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Declension of kitsas (ÕS type 7/kallas, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative kitsas kitsad
accusative nom.
gen. kitsa
genitive kitsaste
partitive kitsast kitsaid
illative kitsasse kitsastesse
kitsaisse
inessive kitsas kitsastes
kitsais
elative kitsast kitsastest
kitsaist
allative kitsale kitsastele
kitsaile
adessive kitsal kitsastel
kitsail
ablative kitsalt kitsastelt
kitsailt
translative kitsaks kitsasteks
kitsaiks
terminative kitsani kitsasteni
essive kitsana kitsastena
abessive kitsata kitsasteta
comitative kitsaga kitsastega

Further reading

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Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *kic'as (narrow) (compare Estonian kitsas, Ingrian kitsas, Livonian kitsāz).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkitsɑs/, [ˈk̟its̠ɑ̝s̠]
  • Rhymes: -itsɑs
  • Hyphenation(key): kit‧sas

Adjective

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kitsas (comparative kitsaampi, superlative kitsain)

  1. stingy, parsimonious
    Synonyms: itara, nuuka, pihi, saita
  2. (dialectal) narrow, tight

Declension

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Inflection of kitsas (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation)
nominative kitsas kitsaat
genitive kitsaan kitsaiden
kitsaitten
partitive kitsasta kitsaita
illative kitsaaseen kitsaisiin
singular plural
nominative kitsas kitsaat
accusative nom. kitsas kitsaat
gen. kitsaan
genitive kitsaan kitsaiden
kitsaitten
kitsasten rare
partitive kitsasta kitsaita
inessive kitsaassa kitsaissa
elative kitsaasta kitsaista
illative kitsaaseen kitsaisiin
kitsaihin rare
adessive kitsaalla kitsailla
ablative kitsaalta kitsailta
allative kitsaalle kitsaille
essive kitsaana kitsaina
translative kitsaaksi kitsaiksi
abessive kitsaatta kitsaitta
instructive kitsain
comitative kitsaine
Possessive forms of kitsas (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kitsaani kitsaani
accusative nom. kitsaani kitsaani
gen. kitsaani
genitive kitsaani kitsaideni
kitsaitteni
kitsasteni rare
partitive kitsastani kitsaitani
inessive kitsaassani kitsaissani
elative kitsaastani kitsaistani
illative kitsaaseeni kitsaisiini
kitsaihini rare
adessive kitsaallani kitsaillani
ablative kitsaaltani kitsailtani
allative kitsaalleni kitsailleni
essive kitsaanani kitsainani
translative kitsaakseni kitsaikseni
abessive kitsaattani kitsaittani
instructive
comitative kitsaineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kitsaasi kitsaasi
accusative nom. kitsaasi kitsaasi
gen. kitsaasi
genitive kitsaasi kitsaidesi
kitsaittesi
kitsastesi rare
partitive kitsastasi kitsaitasi
inessive kitsaassasi kitsaissasi
elative kitsaastasi kitsaistasi
illative kitsaaseesi kitsaisiisi
kitsaihisi rare
adessive kitsaallasi kitsaillasi
ablative kitsaaltasi kitsailtasi
allative kitsaallesi kitsaillesi
essive kitsaanasi kitsainasi
translative kitsaaksesi kitsaiksesi
abessive kitsaattasi kitsaittasi
instructive
comitative kitsainesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kitsaamme kitsaamme
accusative nom. kitsaamme kitsaamme
gen. kitsaamme
genitive kitsaamme kitsaidemme
kitsaittemme
kitsastemme rare
partitive kitsastamme kitsaitamme
inessive kitsaassamme kitsaissamme
elative kitsaastamme kitsaistamme
illative kitsaaseemme kitsaisiimme
kitsaihimme rare
adessive kitsaallamme kitsaillamme
ablative kitsaaltamme kitsailtamme
allative kitsaallemme kitsaillemme
essive kitsaanamme kitsainamme
translative kitsaaksemme kitsaiksemme
abessive kitsaattamme kitsaittamme
instructive
comitative kitsainemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kitsaanne kitsaanne
accusative nom. kitsaanne kitsaanne
gen. kitsaanne
genitive kitsaanne kitsaidenne
kitsaittenne
kitsastenne rare
partitive kitsastanne kitsaitanne
inessive kitsaassanne kitsaissanne
elative kitsaastanne kitsaistanne
illative kitsaaseenne kitsaisiinne
kitsaihinne rare
adessive kitsaallanne kitsaillanne
ablative kitsaaltanne kitsailtanne
allative kitsaallenne kitsaillenne
essive kitsaananne kitsainanne
translative kitsaaksenne kitsaiksenne
abessive kitsaattanne kitsaittanne
instructive
comitative kitsainenne

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Ingrian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *kic'as. Cognates include Finnish kitsas and Estonian kitsas.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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kitsas (comparative kitsaamp)

  1. narrow
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 40:
      Sarat kitsaat laahittii.
      The narrow strips of the field were ploughed.
  2. tight, dense

Declension

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Declension of kitsas (type 2/patsas, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kitsas kitsaat
genitive kitsaan kitsain
partitive kitsasta, kitsast kitsaita, kitsaja
illative kitsaasse kitsaisse
inessive kitsaas kitsais
elative kitsaast kitsaist
allative kitsaalle kitsaille
adessive kitsaal kitsail
ablative kitsaalt kitsailt
translative kitsaaks kitsaiks
essive kitsaanna, kitsaan kitsainna, kitsain
exessive1) kitsaant kitsaint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References

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  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 53
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 170