築

See also: 筑

築	U+7BC9, 築 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7BC9

← 篈
[U+7BC8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

篊 →
[U+7BCA]

築	U+2F963, 築 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F963

← 篆
[U+2F962]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

䈧 →
[U+2F964]

Translingual

Han character

築 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 竹一弓木 (HMND), four-corner 8890₄, composition ⿱筑木)

Derived characters

𭣊, 𭬬

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 892, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26298
Dae Jaweon: page 1320, character 28
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2998, character 4
Unihan data for U+7BC9

Unihan data for U+2F963

Chinese

trad.		築
simp.		筑^*

Wikipedia has an article on:

築

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (竹) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
竺	tuːɡ, tuːɡ, *tuɡ
篤	*tuːɡ
竹	*tuɡ
筑	tuɡ, duɡ
築	*tuɡ
茿	*tuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuɡ) : phonetic 筑 (OC *tuɡ, *duɡ) + semantic 木 (“wood”).

Etymology

According to STEDT, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsuk ~ tsik (“to build”); cognate with Tibetan རྩིག (rtsig, “to build”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔtsukᴴ (“to build”) (whence Burmese ဆောက် (hcauk, “to build”)).

On the other hand, Schuessler (2007) derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *truk, whence also Tibetan རྡུག (rdug, “to conquer; to vanquish”) and Burmese တိုက် (tuik, “to dash against; to bump against”). STEDT derives the Tibetan word from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m/r-tuk (“cut; knock; pound”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhù, zhú

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˋ, ㄓㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zuk¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chuk

(Meixian, Guangdong): zug⁵
Eastern Min (BUC): dé̤ṳk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiok / tio̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): dog⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
  - Wade–Giles: chu⁴
  - Yale: jù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
  - Palladius: чжу (čžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhú
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhú
  - Wade–Giles: chu²
  - Yale: jú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwu
  - Palladius: чжу (čžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zuk¹
  - Yale: jūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: zug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: zug^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suk̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʊk̚¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dé̤ṳk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tøyʔ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiok
  - Tâi-lô: tiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diog
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tiɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diok
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tok̚²/

Middle Chinese: trjuwk

Rime
Character	築
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	張六切
Baxter	trjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuwk̚/
Li Rong	/ȶiuk̚/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zuk¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*truk/

(Zhengzhang): /*tuɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	築
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhù
Middle Chinese	‹ trjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*truk/
English	pound earth, build
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	築
Reading #	1/1
No.	17591
Phonetic component	竹
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	竹
Old Chinese	/*tuɡ/
Notes	說文築聲

Definitions

築

(literary) wooden pestle for pounding dirt
(literary) to pound soil to make it firm; to ram earth
to build; to construct
(literary, or in compounds) house; building
a surname

Synonyms

(to build):

edit

修建 (xiūjiàn)
修築／修筑 (xiūzhù)
塑建 (sùjiàn)
建構／建构 (jiàngòu) (something abstract)
建築／建筑 (jiànzhù) (literally or figuratively)
建設／建设 (jiànshè)
建造 (jiànzào)
搭 (Hokkien)
搭建 (dājiàn)
搭蓋／搭盖 (dāgài) (a temporary structure)
搭設／搭设 (dāshè)
架構／架构 (jiàgòu)
構作／构作 (gòuzuò)
構建／构建 (gòujiàn) (something abstract)
構築／构筑 (gòuzhù)
構造／构造 (gòuzào)
營造／营造 (yíngzào)
版築／版筑 (bǎnzhù) (literary)
築造／筑造 (zhùzào)
興修／兴修 (xīngxiū) (a large project)
興建／兴建 (xīngjiàn)
興築／兴筑 (xīngzhù) (literary)
起立 (qǐlì)

Compounds

References

“築”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

築

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

fabricate

Readings

Go-on: ちく (chiku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ちく (chiku, Jōyō)
Kun: きずく (kizuku, 築く, Jōyō)、つく (tsuku, 築く)
Nanori: つい (tsui)、つき (tsuki)、つく (tsuku)、づき (zuki)

Korean

Hanja

築 (eumhun 쌓을 축 (ssa'eul chuk))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

築: Hán Nôm readings: trốc, trúc

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.