停

See also: 仃 and 佇

停 U+505C, 停 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-505C ← 偛 [U+505B] CJK Unified Ideographs 偝 → [U+505D]

Translingual

Han character

停 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人卜口弓 (OYRN), four-corner 2022₁, composition ⿰亻亭 or ⿰亻𠅘)

Derived characters

• 𠼵

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 110, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 864
• Dae Jaweon: page 236, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 194, character 7
• Unihan data for U+505C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		停
2nd round simp.		仃

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 停
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Small seal script s05922 Transcribed ancient scripts L11416 L11417
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
圢	*tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ
町	*tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ
打	*rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ
盯	*rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ
朾	*rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ
丁	*rteːŋ, *teːŋ
玎	*rteːŋ, *teːŋ
虰	*rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ
揨	*rdeːŋ
釘	*teːŋ, *teːŋs
靪	*teːŋ, *teːŋʔ
仃	*teːŋ
叮	*teːŋ
疔	*teːŋ
頂	*teːŋʔ
奵	*teːŋʔ
耵	*teːŋʔ
酊	*teːŋʔ
葶	*teːŋʔ, *deːŋ
矴	*teːŋs
訂	*teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ
飣	*teːŋs
汀	*tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs
艼	*tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ
庁	*tʰeːŋ
婷	*deːŋ
停	*deːŋ
聤	*deːŋ
渟	*deːŋ
楟	*deːŋ
亭	*deːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deːŋ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 亭 (OC *deːŋ).

Etymology

From 亭 (tíng) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): tíng (ting²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄥˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): тин (tin, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ting⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): hen³

• Gan (Wiktionary): tin²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): thìn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): tin²

• Jin (Wiktionary): ti¹ / ting¹ / ting³
• Northern Min (KCR): děng / déng
• Eastern Min (BUC): dìng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thêng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): têng⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶din
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): din²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tíng
    • Wade–Giles: tʻing²
    • Yale: tíng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyng
    • Palladius: тин (tin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiŋ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tíngr
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄥˊㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tíngr
    • Wade–Giles: tʻing²-ʼrh
    • Yale: tíngr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyengl
    • Palladius: тинр (tinr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiɤ̯̃ɻ³⁵/

Note: Erhuayin for classifier (portion) sense only.

• • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: тин (tin, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ting⁴
    • Yale: tìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ting⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ting⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɪŋ²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: hen³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hen²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: tin²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰin²⁴/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: tin^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tin²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰin¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: tin²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰin¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ti¹ / ting¹ / ting³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰi¹¹/, /tʰiŋ¹¹/, /tʰiŋ⁴⁵/

Note:

• ti1 - vernacular;
• ting1 - literary.

• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: děng / déng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /teiŋ²¹/, /teiŋ⁵⁴/

Note: déng - in certain compounds, e.g. 停屍／停尸, 停棺.

• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thêng
    • Tâi-lô: thîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: teeng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɪŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: têng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰeŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶din
    • MiniDict: din^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³din
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /din²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: din²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tin¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: deng

Rime
Character	停
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	特丁切
Baxter	deng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/deŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/deŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/dɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/deŋ/
Wang Li	/dieŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tíng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ting4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.[d]ˤeŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*deːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	停
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tíng
Middle Chinese	‹ deng ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.[d]ˁeŋ/ (~ *C.[d]ˁeŋ)
English	to stop
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	停
Reading #	1/1
No.	2407
Phonetic component	丁
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	庭
Old Chinese	/*deːŋ/

Definitions

停

1. to stop; to halt

   停！  ―  Tíng!  ―  Stop!

2. to stay; to remain
3. to place (an object somewhere); to park (a vehicle); to anchor (a ship)
4. (literary, or in compounds) reliable; safe; secure; proper
5. (colloquial) Classifier for portions (parts of a total).
6. a surname: Ting

Synonyms

• (to stop):

edit

• 中斷／中断 (zhōngduàn)
• 中止 (zhōngzhǐ)
• 休止 (xiūzhǐ)
• 停歇 (tíngxiē)
• 停止 (tíngzhǐ)
• 夭閼／夭阏 (yǎo'è)
• 干休 (gānxiū) (literary)
• 放煞 (Min Nan)
• 斷站／断站 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 斷節／断节 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 暫停／暂停 (zàntíng) (temporarily)
• 歇 (xiē)
• 止 (zhǐ) (literary, or in compounds)
• 止息 (zhǐxī)
• 止煞 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 瀦／潴 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
• 煞 (Hokkien)
• 煞手 (Hokkien)
• 甘休 (gānxiū) (to be willing to give up)
• 終止／终止 (zhōngzhǐ)
• 絕／绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
• 罷／罢
• 罷休／罢休 (bàxiū) (chiefly in the negative)
• 罷手／罢手 (bàshǒu)
• 間斷／间断
• 須／须 (xū) (literary)
• 頓／顿

 

• (to stay):

edit

• 停留 (tíngliú)
• 勾留 (gōuliú)
• 盤桓／盘桓 (pánhuán)
• 蹲 (figurative)
• 逗 (dòu)
• 逗留 (dòuliú)
• 逋留 (būliú) (literary)
• 駐／驻 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)
• 駐留／驻留 (zhùliú)

 

• (to place): 停放 (tíngfàng)
• (reliable):

edit

• 信實／信实 (xìnshí)
• 保險／保险 (bǎoxiǎn)
• 可恃 (kěshì) (literary)
• 可靠 (kěkào)
• 把牢 (bǎláo) (regional, chiefly in the negative)
• 把穩／把稳 (bǎwěn) (regional)
• 牢 (láo)
• 牢牢 (láoláo)
• 牢靠 (láokào)
• 穩妥／稳妥 (wěntuǒ)
• 穩當／稳当
• 穩陣／稳阵 (wan2 zan6) (Cantonese)

 

Compounds

• 一停兒／一停儿
• 下停
• 三停 (sāntíng)
• 三停刀
• 不停 (bùtíng)
• 不停住
• 不停當／不停当
• 久停久住
• 二停
• 五停心觀／五停心观
• 停一停
• 停住 (tíngzhù)
• 停俸
• 停停
• 停停當當／停停当当
• 停停脫脫／停停脱脱
• 停分
• 停刊 (tíngkān)
• 停勻／停匀
• 停喪／停丧
• 停妥
• 停妻再娶
• 停學／停学 (tíngxué)
• 停屍／停尸
• 停屍房／停尸房 (tíngshīfáng)
• 停屍間／停尸间 (tíngshījiān)
• 停工 (tínggōng)
• 停床
• 停役
• 停待
• 停徵／停征
• 停息 (tíngxī)
• 停戰／停战 (tíngzhàn)
• 停戰協定／停战协定
• 停擺／停摆 (tíngbǎi)
• 停放 (tíngfàng)
• 停杯
• 停柩
• 停格
• 停業／停业 (tíngyè)
• 停機坪／停机坪 (tíngjīpíng)
• 停歇 (tíngxiē)
• 停止 (tíngzhǐ)
• 停步 (tíngbù)
• 停水 (tíngshuǐ)
• 停泊 (tíngbó)
• 停滯／停滞 (tíngzhì)
• 停滯不前／停滞不前 (tíngzhìbùqián)
• 停潦
• 停火 (tínghuǒ)
• 停版
• 停產／停产 (tíngchǎn)
• 停用 (tíngyòng)
• 停留 (tíngliú)
• 停留長智／停留长智
• 停當／停当 (tíngdàng)
• 停眠整宿
• 停睇
• 停筆／停笔
• 停經／停经 (tíngjīng)
• 停罷／停罢
• 停職／停职 (tíngzhí)
• 停航 (tíngháng)
• 停表
• 停訊／停讯
• 停話／停话
• 停課／停课 (tíngkè)
• 停車／停车 (tíngchē)
• 停車位／停车位 (tíngchēwèi)
• 停車場／停车场 (tíngchēchǎng)
• 停車費／停车费 (tíngchēfèi)
• 停辛佇苦
• 停辦／停办 (tíngbàn)
• 停閉／停闭
• 停閑／停闲
• 停雲／停云
• 停雲慢步／停云慢步
• 停雲落月／停云落月
• 停電／停电 (tíngdiàn)
• 停靈／停灵 (tínglíng)
• 停靠 (tíngkào)
• 停頓／停顿 (tíngdùn)
• 停頭／停头
• 停食
• 停駛／停驶
• 停駐／停驻
• 停驂／停骖
• 勒停
• 勻停／匀停
• 叫停 (jiàotíng)
• 四停八當／四停八当
• 少停
• 居中調停／居中调停 (jūzhōngtiáotíng)
• 居停
• 居停主人
• 幹的停當／干的停当
• 悠停
• 手不停揮／手不停挥
• 放停
• 晝夜停勻／昼夜停匀
• 暫停／暂停 (zàntíng)
• 槃停
• 消停
• 漲停／涨停 (zhǎngtíng)
• 漲停板／涨停板
• 片刻不停
• 留職停薪／留职停薪
• 窩停主人／窝停主人
• 胸部停球
• 調停／调停 (tiáotíng)
• 調停人／调停人
• 跌停板
• 門不停賓／门不停宾
• 馬不停蹄／马不停蹄 (mǎbùtíngtí)
• 鸞停鵠峙／鸾停鹄峙
• 鸞鵠停峙／鸾鹄停峙

 

Descendants

• → Vietnamese: đừng (“do not”)

Further reading

• “停”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• “Entry #6938”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

Japanese

Kanji

停

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. to stop

Readings

• Go-on: じょう (jō)
• Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
• Kan’yō-on: ちょう (chō)
• Kun: とめる (tomeru, 停める)、とまる (tomaru, 停まる)、とどまる (todomaru, 停まる)

Compounds

• 各(かく)停(てい) (kakutei)
• 停(てい)車(しゃ) (teisha)
• バス停(てい) (basutei): bus stop

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʌ̹ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [정]

Hanja

Wikisource

停 (eumhun 머무를 정 (meomureul jeong))

1. hanja form^? of 정 (“to stop”)

Vietnamese

Han character

停: Hán Nôm readings: đình, dành, đành, đừng, dừng, rành

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.