کشتی

See also: كشنى

Khalaj

Noun

کَشتی (kəşti) (definite accusative کَشتینی, plural کَشتیلَر)

1. Arabic spelling of kəşti (“boat”)

Declension

Declension of کشتی

	singular	plural
nominative	کشتی	کشتیلَر
genitive	کشتیݧ	کشتیلَریݧ
dative	کشتیکه	کشتیلَرکه
definite accusative	کشتیݧ	کشتیلَری
locative	کشتیچه	کشتیلَرچه
ablative	کشتیده	کشتیلَرده
instrumental	کشتیله	کشتیلَرله
equative	کشتیوارا	کشتیلَروارا

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭪𐭱𐭲𐭩𐭪𐭩 (kštyky /⁠kaštīg⁠/, “boat, ship”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [kaʃ.ˈtiː]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰíː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰíː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰíː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰí]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰʲæʃ.t̪ʰíː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰí]

Readings
Classical reading?	kaštī
Dari reading?	kištī
Iranian reading?	kašti
Tajik reading?	kišti

• (Indo-Persian) IPA^(key): /kiʃˈtiː/

Noun

Dari	کشتی
Iranian Persian
Tajik	киштӣ

کَشْتی • (kašti) (plural کشتی‌ها (kašti-hâ))

1. boat, ship

   Synonym: قایق (qâyeq)

   سوار کشتی ― savâr-e kašti ― on a ship

   کشتی راندن ― kašti rândan ― to steer a ship

Derived terms

• کشتی شکسته (kašti šekaste)
• کشتی نوح (kašti-ye nuh)

 

Descendants

• → Middle Bengali: কিশ্তী (kiśti)
  • Bengali: কিস্তী (kisti)
• → Gujarati: કિશ્તી (kiśtī), કિસ્તી (kistī)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: कश्ती (kaśtī)

  Urdu: کشتی (kiśtī)

• → Khalaj: kəşti
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਕਸ਼ਤੀ (kaśtī)

  Shahmukhi script: کَشتی (kaśtī)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Parthian *kuštīg, from Proto-Iranian *kušti-, a t-extension of Proto-Iranian *kuši- (“side (of the body)”), from Proto-Indo-European *kuḱis (“(female) pubic hair; vulva”), from *kew-k-, from *kew- (“to be concave or convex”). Doublet of کستی (kosti, “sacred Zoroastrian waist-girdle”), which was inherited, as well as with کس (kos, “vulva”); outside of Iranian, cognate with Sanskrit कुक्षि (kukṣi, “belly, interior, womb”) and Lithuanian kūšỹs (“pubic hair; vulva”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [kuʃ.tiː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰoʃ.t̪ʰiː]

Readings
Classical reading?	kuštī
Iranian reading?	košti

Noun

Dari	کشتی
Iranian Persian
Tajik	гӯштӣ

کُشْتی • (košti)

1. wrestling

Derived terms

• کشتی آزاد (košti-ye âzâd)
• کشتی فرنگی (košti-ye farangi)
• کشتی گرفتن (košti gereftan)
• کشتی‌گیر (košti-gir)

 

Descendants

• → Middle Bengali: কুশ্তি (kuśti)
  • Bengali: কুস্তি (kusti)
• → Gujarati: કુસ્તી (kustī)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: कुश्ती (kuśtī)

  Urdu: کشتی (kuśtī)

• → Kannada: ಕುಸ್ತಿ (kusti)
• → Malayalam: ഗുസ്തി (gusti)
• → Marathi: कुस्ती (kustī)
• → Punjabi: kuśtī

  Gurmukhi script: ਕੁਸ਼ਤੀ

  Shahmukhi script: کُشتی

• → Malay: gusti
  • Indonesian: gusti

Etymology 3

From کشت (kešt, “field”) +‎ ی (-i).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [kiʃ.tiː]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰiː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰiː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰiː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰi]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰʲeʃ.t̪ʰiː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰi]

Readings
Classical reading?	kištī
Dari reading?	kištī
Iranian reading?	kešti
Tajik reading?	kišti

Adjective

کِشْتی • (kešti)

1. fit to be planted

Noun

کِشْتی • (kešti)

1. cultivation; planting
2. (uncommon) seed

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kaštī, kištī).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /kəʃ.t̪iː/
• Rhymes: -iː
• Hyphenation: کَش‧تی

Noun

کَشتی • (kaśtī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਸ਼ਤੀ)

1. boat; ark, canoe

   Synonym: بیڑی (beṛī)

Declension

Declension of کشتی
dir. sg.	کَشْتی (kaśtī)
dir. pl.	کَشْتِیاں (kaśtīyāṉ)
	singular	plural
direct	کَشْتی (kaśtī)	کَشْتِیاں (kaśtīyāṉ)
oblique	کَشْتی (kaśtī)	کَشْتِیاں (kaśtīyāṉ)
vocative	کَشْتِیے (kaśtiye)	کَشْتِیو (kaśtīv)
ablative	کَشْتِیوں (kaśtīvṉ)	کَشْتِیاں (kaśtīyāṉ)
locative	—	—
instrumental	—	—

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “کشتی”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
• “ਕਿਸ਼ਤੀ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kaštī, kištī).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /kɪʃ.t̪iː/
• (Punjabic Urdu, Delhi Urdu) IPA^(key): [kəʃ.t̪iː]
• Rhymes: -iː
• Hyphenation: کِش‧تی

Noun

کِشْتی • (kiśtī) f (Hindi spelling कश्ती)

1. boat, ship

Declension

Declension of کشتی
	singular	plural
direct	کِشْتی (kiśtī)	کِشْتِیاں (kiśtiyā̃)
oblique	کِشْتی (kiśtī)	کِشْتِیوں (kiśtiyō̃)
vocative	کِشْتی (kiśtī)	کِشْتِیو (kiśtiyō)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kuštī). Cognate with Marathi कुस्ती (kustī).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /kʊʃ.t̪iː/
• Rhymes: -iː
• Hyphenation: کُش‧تی

Noun

کُشْتی • (kuśtī) f (Hindi spelling कुश्ती)

1. wrestling

   Synonym: کشتی بازی (kušti bāzī)

Declension

Declension of کشتی
	singular	plural
direct	کُشْتی (kuśtī)	کُشْتِیاں (kuśtiyā̃)
oblique	کُشْتی (kuśtī)	کُشْتِیوں (kuśtiyō̃)
vocative	کُشْتی (kuśtī)	کُشْتِیو (kuśtiyō)

Related terms

• کشتی لڑنا (kušti laṛnā, “to wrestle”)
• کشتی باز (kušti bāz, “wrestler”)

Further reading

• “کشتی”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “کشتی”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “کشتی”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.