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Lord Warden of the Stannaries

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The Lord Warden of the Stannaries (from Latin: stannum for Tin, Sn) used to exercise judicial and military functions in Cornwall, England, UK, and is still the official who, upon the commission of the monarch or Duke of Cornwall for the time being, has the function of calling a stannary parliament of tinners. The last such parliament sat in 1753.

Sir Walter Raleigh was a Lord Warden of the Stannaries

The first Lord Warden of the Stannaries of Cornwall and Devon was William de Wrotham, who was appointed during the reign of Richard I on 20 November 1197. Until 1502 normally separate Lords Warden were appointed for Cornwall and Devon (as shown in brackets below) and these also acted as stewards for Duchy estates in those counties.

In 1502, Robert, 2nd Lord Willoughby de Broke was appointed as Lord Steward for Duchy estates in Cornwall and Devon, Lord Warden of the Stannaries in both, Master Forester of Dartmoor, and the successors appointed since have been granted these offices/titles.

In the present day, the Lord Warden is de facto Deputy Chairman of the Prince's Council (the Chairman being the Duke of Cornwall);[1] as such, he or she plays a key role in administering the Duchy of Cornwall estate. The current holder of the post (since December 2022) is Hugo van Vredenburch.[1]

A relevant Vice-Warden, frequently for one of the two counties for a warden who normally lived elsewhere, existed through many of the years 1386 to 1870. Other than being assigned roles connected to the occasional parliaments these had responsibilities as controller of the coinage and master of assay, working in concert with the Royal Mint which dominated high-value coinage end products through its jury system of trial of the Pyx.

Lord Steward and Lord Warden of the Stannaries in Cornwall and Devon (1197–present)

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Vice-Warden (Deputy Lord Warden) of the Stannaries (Controllers of the Coinage and Masters of Assay) in Cornwall and Devon (1386–1870)

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  • 1382 Walter Reynell[9]
  • 1386 Nicholas FitzHerbert
  • 1386 William Wyncelowe
  • 1387 Thomas Trewyn
  • ? John Skirbeck
  • 1389 Nicholas FitzHerbert
  • 1397 John Shelle
  • ? Thomas Frankelein
  • 1422 Richard Hore
  • 1423 John Smart
  • 1428 Richard Maumfield
  • 1430 John Fortescue
  • 1432 John Merston
  • 1455 Avery Cornburgh
  • 1461 John Wykes
  • 1471 Sir Thomas Vaughan
  • 1483 Avery Cornburgh
  • 1485 Thomas Hourde
  • 1485 William Treffry
  • 1490 John Sapcotes
  • 1504 Michael Vivian
  • 1508 Thomas Arundell
  • 1509 John Glyn
  • 1509 Sir Hugh Trevanyon
  • 1510? Sir Thomas Deneys (Devon)
  • 1520 Sir William Godolphin
  • 1520 John Godolphin
  • c.1529 Sir William Godolphin (Cornwall)
  • 1532 Sir Philip Champernown (Devon)
  • c.1540 William Beare (Cornwall)
  • 1548 Sir Thomas Smith (Cornwall)
  • 1551 Sir John Charles (Devon)
  • 1554 Sir William Godolphin (Cornwall)
  • 1555 William Isham
  • 1570 James Godolphin
  • 1578 Sir Richard Grenville (Cornwall)
  • 1580 William Carnsew (Cornwall)
  • 1584 John Bonython
  • 1586 Sir Francis Godolphin (Cornwall)
  • 1591 Christopher Harris (Cornwall)
  • 1601 Hannibal Vyvyan
  • 1603 William Coryton (Cornwall) (dismissed)
  • 1607 John Verdon
  • 1607 Edward Leech
  • 1608–1610: Hannibal Vyvyan
  • 1617 Richard Bonython
  • ? Sir Simon Harvey (appointed assayer 1625 for life)
  • 1620–1626: William Coryton (Cornwall) (dismissed 1626)
  • 1626–1629: John Mohun, 1st Baron Mohun of Okehampton(Cornwall)
  • 1630–1640: William Coryton (Cornwall) (reinstated but re-dismissed 1640))
  • 1641 John Trefusis (Cornwall)
  • 1660 William Scawen (Cornwall)
  • 1678 Sir John Trelawney (Cornwall)
  • 1681 Sir Joseph Tredenham (Cornwall)
  • c.1688 Sir Nicholas Slanning (Devon)
  • 1689 John Waddon (Cornwall)
  • 1701 Hugh Tonkin (Cornwall)
  • 1702 Sir Richard Vyvyan, 1st Baronet (Cornwall)
  • c.1704 Samuel Rolls (Devon)
  • 1708 Walter Moyle (Cornwall)
  • 1711 John Gregor (Cornwall)
  • 1723 Thomas Hearle (Cornwall)
  • 1740 John Hearle (Cornwall)
  • 1744 Christopher Hawkins (Cornwall)
  • 1747 Francis Gregor (Cornwall)
  • 1751 John Hearle (Cornwall)
  • 1756 Rev. Walter Borlase (Cornwall)
  • 1763 William Bickford (Devon)
  • 1776 Henry Rosewarne (Cornwall) (Mayor of Truro, 1774)
  • 1783 John Thomas (Cornwall)
  • 1784 Warwick Hele Tonkin (Devon)
  • 1812 Richard Gurney (Devon)
  • 1817 John Vivian (Cornwall)
  • 1818 John Parry (Devon)
  • 1824 John Farnham Cock (Devon)
  • 1826 John Wallis (Devon)
  • 1826 John Wallis (Cornwall)
  • 1827 Thomas Commins (Devon)
  • 1834 John Lucius Dampier (Cornwall)
  • 1850 John Lucius Dampier (Devon)
  • 1852 Edward Wynne-Pendarves
  • 1853 Edward Smirke (Cornwall & Devon)
  • 1870 Herbert William Fisher (Cornwall & Devon)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "Integrated Annual Report 2023" (PDF). Duchy of Cornwall. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  2. ^ Lee, Sidney (1887). "Courtenay, Henry (1496?-1538)" . In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 12. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  3. ^ The London Gazette, issue 9002, 23 April 1751
  4. ^ The London Gazette, issue 12494, 18 November 1783
  5. ^ The London Gazette, issue 15004, 3 April 1798
  6. ^ The London Gazette, issue 15652, 3 December 1803
  7. ^ The London Gazette, issue 16332, 11 August 1812
  8. ^ "No. 18719". The London Gazette. 20 August 1830. p. 1782.
  9. ^ J.S. Roskell; L. Clark; C. Rawcliffe, eds. (1993). "Reynell (Reynald), Walter, of Malston, Devon, and Badlingham, Cambridgeshire". History of Parliament: House of Commons 1386-1421. Retrieved 8 March 2023.

Bibliography

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For list of Lords Steward and Lords Warden of the Stannaries in Cornwall and Devon, and Vice-Wardens of the Stannaries (1197–1965):

  • Pennington, R.R. (1973), Stannary Law: A History of the Mining Law of Cornwall and Devon, Newton Abbot: David and Charles, pp. 223–6, ISBN 978-0715357835.
  • Stansfield-Cudworth, R.E. (2013), "The Duchy of Cornwall and the Wars of the Roses: Patronage, Politics, and Power, 1453–1502", Cornish Studies, 2nd Series, 21: 104–50, doi:10.1386/CORN.21.1.104_1, ISSN 0308-2679.
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