The Argentine general election of 1946, the last for which only men were enfranchised, was held on 24 February. Voters chose both the President and their legislators.
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Presidential election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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376 members of the Electoral College 189 votes needed to win | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Registered | 3,477,169 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 81.21% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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  Most voted party by province (left) and department (right). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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158 seats in the Chamber of Deputies 80 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 82.25% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
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Background
editConservative rule, maintained through electoral fraud despite a moderate record, was brought to an end in a June 1943 coup d'état. Barking "orders of the day" every morning on the radio, the new regime enjoyed little approval. The devastating 1944 San Juan earthquake presented an opportunity to regain lost goodwill and the regime moved quickly, involving the private sector through nationwide fund-raising, entrusted to the Labor Minister, Juan Perón. Perón enlisted celebrities for the effort, among which was a radio matinee star of middling talent, Eva Duarte, who introduced herself to the Labor Minister by remarking that "nothing's missing, except a touch of Atkinson's". The effort's success and the rise of his ally, Edelmiro Farrell, within the junta, led to Perón's appointment as vice-president, which he leveraged in support of Argentina's struggling labor unions, particularly the CGT.
Perón's sudden clout led to growing rivalry among his junta colleagues, who had him arrested on October 9, a surprise move outdone by CGT leaders like retail workers' leader Ángel Borlenghi, the slaughterhouses' Cipriano Reyes and Eva Duarte, herself. Organizing a mass (and, at times, violent) demonstration for his release on the Plaza de Mayo, their October 17, 1945, mobilization marked a turning point in Argentine history: the creation of the Peronist movement. Capitulating to the political winds, the junta bestowed presidential powers on Perón, who initiated his program of mass nationalizations of institutions such as the universities and Central Bank. Calling elections for February 1946, Perón's opposition hastily arranged an alliance, the Democratic Union. Many in the centrist Radical Civic Union were steadfastly opposed to this ad hoc union with conservatives and the left, an intrinsic burden compounded by a white paper scathingly critical of Perón released by the U.S. Ambassador, Spruille Braden. The report, accusing Perón of fascist ties, allowed him to marginalize the Democratic Union (and their distinguished, though disastrously-named nominees, José Tamborini and Enrique Mosca – the "tambourine and the fly"). He quickly reframed the argument as one between "Perón or Braden", making this his rallying cry and winning the 1946 elections handily.
Candidates for President
edit- Labor Party: Former Vice-president Juan Perón from Buenos Aires Province
- Democratic Union (UCR-led alliance): Former Congressman José Tamborini from the city of Buenos Aires
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Perón -
Tamborini
Results
editPresident
edit| Presidential candidate |
Vice Presidential candidate |
Party | Popular vote | Electoral vote | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | ||||
| Juan Domingo Perón | Hortensio Quijano | Labour Party – UCR Renewal Board – Independent Party | 1,485,468 | 53.71 | 304 | 80.85 | |
| José Tamborini | Enrique Mosca | Democratic Union | 1,207,178 | 43.65 | 72 | 19.15 | |
| No candidates | National Democratic Party | 43,499 | 1.57 | ||||
| Blockist Radical Civic Union | 13,469 | 0.49 | |||||
| Santiago del Estero Radical Civic Union | 12,362 | 0.45 | |||||
| Lencinist Radical Civic Union | 3,918 | 0.14 | |||||
| Total | 2,765,894 | 100 | |||||
| Positive votes | 2,765,894 | 97.95 | |||||
| Blank votes | 20,831 | 0.74 | |||||
| Invalid votes | 15 | 0.00 | |||||
| Tally sheet differences | 37,019 | 1.31 | |||||
| Total votes | 2,823,759 | 100 | |||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 3,477,169 | 81.21 | |||||
| Sources:[1][2] | |||||||
Chamber of Deputies
edit| Party | Votes | % | Seats 1946–1948 |
Seats 1946–1950 |
Total seats | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour Party – UCR Renewal Board – Independent Party | 1,439,243 | 51.19 | 54 | 55 | 109 | ||
| Radical Civic Union (UCR) | 765,620 | 27.23 | 22 | 22 | 44 | ||
| National Democratic Party (PDN) | 214,894 | 7.64 | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||
| Socialist Party (PS) | 139,186 | 4.95 | — | — | — | ||
| Democratic Progressive Party (PDP) | 71,731 | 2.55 | 1 | — | 1 | ||
| Unity and Resistance (PC – PDP) | 71,628 | 2.55 | — | — | — | ||
| Communist Party (PC) | 41,470 | 1.48 | — | — | — | ||
| Liberal Party of Corrientes (PL) | 16,107 | 0.57 | — | — | — | ||
| Blockist Radical Civic Union | 13,696 | 0.49 | — | 1 | 1 | ||
| Santiago del Estero Radical Civic Union | 12,791 | 0.45 | — | — | — | ||
| Santa Fe Radical Civic Union | 6,328 | 0.23 | — | — | — | ||
| Autonomist Party of Corrientes (PA) | 5,811 | 0.21 | — | — | — | ||
| Labour Gathering Party (CO) | 4,241 | 0.15 | — | — | — | ||
| Lencinist Radical Civic Union | 4,040 | 0.14 | — | — | — | ||
| Provincial Defense – White Flag | 3,937 | 0.14 | — | — | — | ||
| Public Health Party | 605 | 0.02 | — | — | — | ||
| Total | 2,811,328 | 100 | 79 | 79 | 158 | ||
| Positive votes | 2,811,328 | 98.29 | |||||
| Blank votes | 22,525 | 0.79 | |||||
| Invalid votes | 150 | 0.01 | |||||
| Tally sheet differences | 26,130 | 0.91 | |||||
| Total votes | 2,860,133 | 100 | |||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 3,477,169 | 82.25 | |||||
| Sources:[1][2] | |||||||
Results by province
edit| Province | Labour – UCR-JR – Indep. | Radical Civic Union | National Democratic | Others | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | |
| Buenos Aires | 440,419 | 54.93 | 28 | 260,342 | 32.47 | 14 | 50,815 | 6.34 | — | 50,269 | 6.27 | — |
| Buenos Aires City | 300,955 | 50.16 | 22 | 118,759 | 19.79 | 10 | — | — | — | 180,315 | 30.05 | — |
| Catamarca | 14,733 | 55.64 | 2 | 9,466 | 35.75 | — | 2,281 | 8.61 | — | — | — | — |
| Córdoba | 124,026 | 40.37 | 10 | 117,098 | 38.11 | 5 | 57,547 | 18.73 | — | 8,581 | 2.79 | — |
| Corrientes | 33,817 | 36.23 | 5 | 17,542 | 18.79 | — | 20,065 | 21.50 | 2 | 21,918 | 23.48 | — |
| Entre Ríos | 67,598 | 42.94 | 6 | 59,024 | 37.49 | 3 | 28,576 | 18.15 | — | 2,232 | 1.42 | — |
| Jujuy | 15,342 | 68.68 | 2 | 2,481 | 11.11 | — | 4,277 | 19.15 | — | 240 | 1.07 | — |
| La Rioja | 10,206 | 53.63 | 2 | 7,477 | 39.29 | — | 1,347 | 7.08 | — | — | — | — |
| Mendoza | 49,129 | 47.55 | 4 | 25,333 | 24.52 | 2 | 17,230 | 16.68 | — | 11,626 | 11.25 | — |
| Salta | 28,722 | 63.19 | 2 | 9,523 | 20.95 | 1 | 7,210 | 15.86 | — | — | — | — |
| San Juan | 15,970 | 33.28 | 2 | 7,281 | 15.17 | — | 9,821 | 20.46 | — | 14,920 | 31.09 | 1 |
| San Luis | 14,460 | 44.71 | 2 | 6,239 | 19.29 | — | 11,644 | 36.00 | 1 | — | — | — |
| Santa Fe | 194,792 | 56.51 | 13 | 71,872 | 20.85 | 5 | — | — | — | 78,059 | 22.64 | 1 |
| Santiago del Estero | 46,408 | 51.82 | 4 | 28,313 | 31.62 | 2 | — | — | — | 14,833 | 16.56 | — |
| Tucumán | 82,666 | 68.78 | 5 | 24,870 | 20.69 | 2 | 4,081 | 3.40 | — | 8,578 | 7.14 | — |
| Total | 1,439,243 | 51.19 | 109 | 765,620 | 27.23 | 44 | 214,894 | 7.64 | 3 | 391,571 | 13.93 | 2 |
Provincial Governors
edit| Election of Provincial Governors | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Elected: 14 | |||
| Province | Elected | Party | Map |
| Buenos Aires | Domingo Mercante | Labour Party | 
|
| Catamarca | Pacífico Rodríguez | Labour Party | |
| Córdoba | Argentino Auchter | UCR – Junta Renovadora | |
| Corrientes | Blas Benjamín de la Vega | Unión Cívica Radical | |
| Entre Ríos | Héctor Domingo Maya | Labour Party | |
| Jujuy | Alberto Iturbe | UCR – Junta Renovadora | |
| La Rioja | José Francisco de la Vega | UCR – Junta Renovadora | |
| Mendoza | Faustino Picallo | UCR – Junta Renovadora | |
| Salta | Lucio Alfredo Cornejo Linares | UCR – Junta Renovadora | |
| San Juan | Juan Luis Alvarado | Labour Party | |
| San Luis | Ricardo Zavala Ortíz | UCR – Junta Renovadora | |
| Santa Fe | Waldino Suárez | Labour Party | |
| Santiago del Estero | Aristóbulo Mittelbach | Labour Party | |
| Tucumán | Carlos Domínguez | Labour Party | |
References
edit- ^ a b Las Fuerzas Armadas restituyen el imperio de la soberanía popular: Las elecciones generales de 1946. Vol. Tomo II. Buenos Aires: Imprenta de la Cámara de Diputados. 1946.
- ^ a b Amaral, Samuel (December 2018). Perón presidente: las elecciones del 24 de febrero de 1946 (PDF). Vol. Tomo 2. Sáenz Peña, Buenos Aires: Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero. ISBN 978-987-4151-57-5.
Online references
edit- Todo Argentina Archived 2008-10-24 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)