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2016 United States Senate election in Arizona

See also: 2016 United States Senate elections

The 2016 United States Senate election in Arizona was held on November 8, 2016, to elect a member of the U.S. Senate to represent the State of Arizona, concurrently with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, other elections to the U.S. Senate in other states and elections to the U.S. House of Representatives, as well as various state and local elections.

2016 United States Senate election in Arizona
← 2010 November 8, 2016 2020 (special) →
 
Nominee John McCain Ann Kirkpatrick Gary Swing
Party Republican Democratic Green
Popular vote 1,359,267 1,031,245 138,634
Percentage 53.71% 40.75% 5.48%
McCain:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
Kirkpatrick:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%
     No votes
U.S. senator before election

John McCain
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John McCain
Republican

The Democratic primary was held on March 22, 2016, while the Republican primary election took place on August 30, 2016.[1] After serving in the Arizona State Legislature and U.S. House of Representatives for a number of years, Democrat Ann Kirkpatrick sought to unseat incumbent Republican senator John McCain, who won re-election to his sixth and final term in office.

After hinting in September 2013 that he could retire,[2] McCain subsequently said that the chances he would run again were "pretty good", but his campaign had emphasized that he had not made a decision yet.[3] On April 7, 2015, he announced that he would run for re-election.[4] McCain faced strong primary opposition from the Tea Party, but he ultimately defeated challenger Kelli Ward in the August 30 primary.[5][6]

McCain won with 53.7% of the vote compared to Kirkpatrick's 40.8%, with 5.5% voting for the Green candidate Gary Swing. Although McCain won reelection by double digits, this was the closest margin of his Senate career. It was also his first election in which he failed to win the traditionally Democratic counties of Coconino and Pima. As of 2024, this was the last time Republicans won a U.S. Senate seat in Arizona. Kirkpatrick would later successfully run again for the U.S. House of Representatives in Arizona's 2nd congressional district in 2018 and 2020.

Republican primary

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John McCain at a campaign rally with former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney in December 2015
 
Kelli Ward at her primary election night rally on August 30, 2016

John McCain, the 2008 Republican presidential nominee, was re-elected to a fifth term with 59.3% of the vote in 2010. In September 2013 he hinted that he might retire, saying that "[President Obama's] in his last term, I'm probably in mine." When asked if that meant he wouldn't run for re-election, he said, "I don't know. I was trying to make a point. I have to decide in about two years so I don't have to make a decision [now]. I don't want to be one of these old guys that should've shoved off."[2] He then said in October 2013 that he was "seriously thinking" about running for re-election.[7] By April 2014 he had held his first fundraiser[8] and acknowledged that "elements on the right" would like to primary him, which he said was "fine with me... you know me: a fight not joined is a fight not enjoyed... I know that I will be very well-prepared." Jennifer Duffy of The Cook Political Report noted that McCain did not fit the profile of a "complacent, long-serving incumbent", saying: "It's not an easy thing to take him on. He is going to be well-prepared, and he has a well-earned reputation for running really tough campaigns. He raises a lot of money and he puts together a good organization."[9]

In September 2014, McCain began having "serious conversations" with state Republicans, local officials and key supporters about running for re-election. He faced a primary challenge in 2010 from former Congressman J. D. Hayworth, who some felt was the weaker opponent. McCain massively outspent and easily defeated him. However, he could face a stronger challenger in 2016.[5] A survey by Public Policy Polling in March 2014 found that McCain was the most unpopular Senator in the country, with 30% of Arizonans approving of him to 54% who disapproved. His unpopularity was bipartisan, with his approvals at 35%–55% with Republicans, 29%–53% with Democrats and 25%–55% with independents.[10] An April 2014 survey by The Polling Company for Citizens United Political Victory Fund found that 64.2% of Republican primary voters favored "a new person" to 29.3% who thought that "Senator McCain deserves to be re-elected to another six-year term." It also found him trailing in match-ups with a generic primary opponent and against specific opponents (see below).[11]

Further compounding matters for McCain was his relationship with the Arizona Republican Party.[5] After his re-election in 2010, McCain adopted more orthodox conservative stances and attitudes and largely opposed actions of the Obama administration. By 2013, however, he had become a key figure in the Senate for negotiating deals on certain issues in an otherwise partisan environment. By early 2014, McCain's apostasies were enough that the Arizona Republican Party formally censured him for having what they saw as a liberal record that had been "disastrous and harmful". The action had no practical effect but showed that McCain's history of being criticized at the state level as insufficiently conservative was still ongoing.[12] Tea Party leaders have said that they are "sick to death" of McCain and will oppose him if he seeks re-election,[5] with one prominent critic of McCain saying that Arizona conservatives were preparing for a "civil war".[6] However, McCain still had a large warchest – $1.7 million as of June 2014 – and would be helped by Arizona state law, which allows independents to vote in the Republican primary.[5]

By early October 2014, McCain was telling reporters that the odds of his running for re-election were "pretty good", saying that whether or not Republicans retake control of the Senate in the 2014 elections would be a factor in his decision-making, "but it certainly wouldn't be the deciding factor."[6] In late October, it was revealed that McCain had scheduled a meeting with supporters two days after the 2014 midterm elections to "discuss my thoughts on my own re-election in 2016."[3] At that meeting, following the Republican takeover of the Senate, he said that he was "seriously considering" and "leaning towards" running for re-election and will make an announcement in early 2015.[13]

In December 2014, Politico reported that McCain and his allies were waging an "aggressive and systematic campaign" to purge the Arizona Republican Party's apparatus of Tea Party and far-right conservatives who hold "obscure, but influential, local party offices" and replace them with McCain loyalists.[14][15] The Super PAC "Arizona Grassroots Action" was created, which raised almost $300,000 and supported McCain-allied candidates with mailers and automated phone calls, bringing attention to what were previously low-profile and uncontested races.[14] Before August 26, when elections for party offices were held, almost all of the 3,925 precinct committeemen (who vote for local party chairmen, who in turn make decisions on how the party will spend state and local funds, which candidates receive endorsements or funding etc.) were opposed to McCain. After the elections, 1,531 (39%) were regarded as supportive of McCain.[14] Most notably, Timothy Schwartz, who authored the resolution which censured McCain, was ousted.[14][16] Schwartz attacked McCain for using his "prominence and money and influence" to "ramrod" his critics and former Maricopa County Republican Party Chairman A.J. LaFaro said that McCain was "vindictive" and engaging in the equivalent of "ethnic cleansing".[14]

Tea Party Congressmen Matt Salmon and David Schweikert had been widely regarded as two of the most serious potential challengers to McCain. The pair, who are close friends, agreed that if one of them decided to run against McCain, the other would not do so, to ensure that the anti-McCain vote wouldn't be split between them.[17] Schweikert has acknowledged that he polled the race in 2014 but was considered the less likely of the two to run – he had much less cash-on-hand than Salmon and admitted that his wife was "not thrilled" at the idea of him running for the Senate.[17] Salmon later stated that he would not challenge McCain in the primary.[18]

In early February, McCain said that he was "most likely" running for re-election[19] and Club for Growth President David McIntosh said that the organization would "watch closely" the primary race, particularly if Salmon or Schweikert ran, and would "do research and polling and determine if there's a path to victory [against McCain]."[20] Towards the end of February, Salmon and Schweikert began to distance themselves from the race,[21][22] with State Senator Kelli Ward revealing that she was considering a run.[23]

McCain officially announced on April 7, 2015, that he was running for re-election.[4]

Candidates

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Declared

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3* Clair Van Steenwyk, talk radio host, candidate for U.S. Senate in 2012 and candidate for AZ-08 in 2014[24]

Withdrawn

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Declined

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Endorsements

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John McCain

Individuals

Senators

Governors

Mayors

Organizations

Alex Meluskey (withdrew)

Individuals

Kelli Ward

Individuals

Organizations

Polling

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Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain 		Kelli
Ward 		Clair Van
Steenwyk 		Alex
Meluskey 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 300 ± 5.7% 44% 31% — — — 25%
Behavior Research Center[131] October 24 – November 5, 2015 577 ± 4.7% 41% 11% 2% 1% — 45%
Behavior Research Center[132] January 6–17, 2016 398 ± 4.1% 47% 11% 1% 1% 1%[133] 39%
Public Policy Polling[134] May 13–15, 2016 443 ± 4.7% 39% 26% 2% 4% 3%[135] 27%
41% 41% — — — 17%
NMB Research[136] July 11, 2016 500 ± 4.38% 47% 22% 2% 6% — 23%
Data Orbital LLC[137] August 11, 2016 500 ±4.38% 50% 29% — — — 17%
CNN/ORC[138] August 18–23, 2016 413 ± 5.0% 55% 29% 4% — 1% 3%
Hypothetical polling

with Jan Brewer

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain 		Jan
Brewer 		Other Undecided
The Polling Company[139] April 11–12, 2014 600 ± 4.1% 29% 47.7% — 23.3%

with Christine Jones

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain 		Christine
Jones 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 300 ± 5.7% 48% 27% — 25%

with Matt Salmon

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain 		Matt
Salmon 		Other Undecided
The Polling Company[139] April 11–12, 2014 600 ± 4.1% 30.3% 48.2% — 21.5%
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 300 ± 5.7% 42% 40% — 18%

with David Schweikert

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain 		David
Schweikert 		Other Undecided
The Polling Company[139] April 11–12, 2014 600 ± 4.1% 33.9% 40.1% — 26%
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 300 ± 5.7% 40% 39% — 20%

Generic Republican

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain 		A different
Republican 		Other Undecided
The Polling Company[139] April 11–12, 2014 600 ± 4.1% 30.5% 60.7% — 8.8%

Someone more conservative

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain 		Someone more
conservative 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 300 ± 5.7% 37% 51% — 12%

Results

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Results by county:
  McCain—50–60%
  McCain—40–50%
  Ward—50–60%
  Ward—40–50%
Republican primary results[140]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John McCain 302,532 51.7%
Republican Kelli Ward 235,988 39.2%
Republican Alex Meluskey 31,159 5.5%
Republican Clair Van Steenwyk 21,476 3.6%
Republican Sean Webster (write-in) 175 0.0%
Total votes 591,330 100.0%

Democratic primary

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Candidates

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Ann Kirkpatrick at a campaign event with supporters in Phoenix, Arizona

Declared

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Withdrawn

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Declined

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Endorsements

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Ann Kirkpatrick

U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

Organizations

Results

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Democratic primary results[140]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ann Kirkpatrick 333,586 99.8%
Democratic Axel Bello (write-in) 508 0.2%
Total votes 334,094 100.0%

Green primary

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Candidates

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Declared

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Results

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Green primary results[140]
Party Candidate Votes %
Green Gary Swing (write-in) 238 100.0%
Total votes 238 100.0%

Libertarian primary

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Candidates

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  • Merissa Hamilton (write-in)

Results

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Libertarian primary results[140]
Party Candidate Votes %
Libertarian Merissa Hamilton (write-in) 1,286 100.0%
Total votes 1,286 100.0%

General election

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Debates

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Date Location McCain Kirkpatrick Link
October 10, 2016 Phoenix, Arizona Participant Participant [153]

Predictions

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Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report[154] Lean R November 2, 2016
Sabato's Crystal Ball[155] Likely R November 7, 2016
Rothenberg Political Report[156] Likely R November 3, 2016
Daily Kos[157] Safe R November 8, 2016

Polling

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Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain (R) 		Ann
Kirkpatrick (D) 		Other Undecided
SurveyMonkey[158] November 1–7, 2016 2,609 ± 4.6% 50% 45% — 5%
Insights West[159] November 4–6, 2016 392 ± 4.9% 50% 42% — 9%
Data Orbital[160] November 4–6, 2016 550 ± 4.1% 56% 44% — 0%
SurveyMonkey[161] October 31–November 6, 2016 2,322 ± 4.6% 50% 45% — 5%
SurveyMonkey[162] October 28–November 3, 2016 1,748 ± 4.6% 50% 45% — 5%
Data Orbital[163] November 1–2, 2016 550 ± 4.1% 52% 41% 2% 6%
SurveyMonkey[164] October 27–November 2, 2016 1,461 ± 4.6% 50% 44% — 6%
NBC/WSJ/Marist[165] October 30–November 1, 2016 719 LV ± 3.7% 55% 39% 5% 2%
948 RV ± 3.2% 55% 38% 5% 2%
The Times-Picayune/Lucid[166] October 28–November 1, 2016 1,113 ± 3.0% 52% 40% — 8%
CNN/ORC[167] October 27–November 1, 2016 769 LV ± 3.5% 54% 41% 1% 3%
867 RV 54% 41% 3% 1%
SurveyMonkey[168] October 26–November 1, 2016 1,320 ± 4.6% 50% 44% — 6%
Emerson College[169] October 29–31, 2016 700 ± 3.6% 46% 40% 6% 9%
SurveyMonkey[170] October 25–31, 2016 1,457 ± 4.6% 49% 46% — 5%
Data Orbital[171] October 29–30, 2016 550 ± 4.1% 49% 39% 3% 10%
CBS News/YouGov[172] October 26–28, 2016 994 ± 4.3% 43% 38% 8% 11%
Monmouth University[173] October 21–24, 2016 401 ± 4.9% 50% 40% 5% 4%
Washington Post/SurveyMonkey[174] October 8–16, 2016 1,028 ± 0.5% 48% 45% — 6%
Arizona Republic/Morrison/Cronkite[175] October 10–15, 2016 660 ± 4.2% 52% 40% 8% 0%
Highground[176] October 14, 2016 400 ± 4.9% 45% 35% 8% 9%
Emerson College[177] October 2–4, 2016 600 ± 3.6% 52% 36% 7% 5%
Insights West[178] September 12–14, 2016 484 ± 4.5% 53% 35% 1% 11%
NBC/WSJ/Marist[179] September 6–8, 2016 649 ± 3.8% 57% 38% 1% 4%
Public Policy Polling[180] August 26–28, 2016 837 ± 3.0% 43% 43% — 15%
CNN/ORC[138] August 18–23, 2016 809 LV ± 3.5% 52% 39% 2% 2%
842 RV
Public Policy Polling[181] June 22–23, 2016 691 ± 3.7% 42% 40% — 19%
Greenberg Quinlan Rosner – Democracy Corps[182] June 11–20, 2016 300 ± 5.7% 44% 42% — 14%
Behavior Research Center[183] June 6–19, 2016 448 ± 4.7% 40% 31% — 29%
Public Policy Polling[184] June 8–9, 2016 747 ± 3.6% 41% 43% — 16%
Public Policy Polling[134] May 13–15, 2016 896 ± 3.3% 42% 36% — 23%
Behavior Research Center[185] April 4–11, 2016 564 ± 4.2% 42% 42% — 16%
The Merrill Poll[186] March 7–11, 2016 701 ± 3.7% 41% 40% 3% 16%
Behavior Research Center[187] January 6–17, 2016 590 ± 4.1% 38% 37% — 25%
Strategies 360[188] December 4–9, 2015 504 ± 4.4% 51% 36% — 13%
Behavior Research Center[189] October 24–November 5, 2015 577 ± 3.8% 37% 31% — 32%
Gravis Marketing[190] August 13–16, 2015 1,433 ± 2.6% 48% 35% — 17%
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 600 ± 4.0% 42% 36% — 23%
Hypothetical polling

with John McCain

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain (R) 		Richard
Carmona (D) 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 600 ± 4% 40% 34% — 25%
Public Policy Polling[191] February 28–March 2, 2014 870 ± 3.3% 35% 41% — 24%
Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain (R) 		Fred
DuVal (D) 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 600 ± 4% 40% 36% — 24%
Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain (R) 		Gabrielle
Giffords (D) 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[191] February 28–March 2, 2014 870 ± 3.3% 35% 42% — 23%
Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain (R) 		Janet
Napolitano (D) 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[191] February 28–March 2, 2014 870 ± 3.3% 44% 36% — 19%
Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		John
McCain (R) 		Kyrsten
Sinema (D) 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 600 ± 4% 42% 36% — 22%

with Christine Jones

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		Christine
Jones (R) 		Richard
Carmona (D) 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 600 ± 4% 36% 42% — 22%

with Matt Salmon

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		Matt
Salmon (R) 		Richard
Carmona (D) 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 600 ± 4% 43% 35% — 21%

with David Schweikert

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		David
Schweikert (R) 		Richard
Carmona (D) 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 600 ± 4% 39% 39% — 22%

with Kelli Ward

Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		Kelli
Ward (R) 		Ann
Kirkpatrick (D) 		Other Undecided
Breitbart/Gravis Marketing[192] August 27, 2016 1,244 ± 2.8% 53% 19% — 29%
Public Policy Polling[134] May 13–15, 2016 896 ± 3.3% 37% 35% — 28%
Gravis Marketing[190] August 13–16, 2015 1,433 ± 2.6% 43% 38% — 19%
Poll source Date(s)
administered 		Sample
size 		Margin of
error 		Kelli
Ward (R) 		Richard
Carmona (D) 		Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling[130] May 1–3, 2015 600 ± 4% 36% 39% — 26%

Results

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United States Senate election in Arizona, 2016[193]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican John McCain (incumbent) 1,359,267 53.71% −5.36%
Democratic Ann Kirkpatrick 1,031,245 40.75% +5.97%
Green Gary Swing 138,634 5.48% +4.03%
Write-in 1,584 0.06% N/A
Total votes 2,530,730 100.0% N/A
Republican hold

Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

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By congressional district

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McCain won 7 of 9 congressional districts, including two that elected Democrats.

District McCain Kirkpatrick Representative
1st 48.4% 45.3% Ann Kirkpatrick
Tom O'Halleran
2nd 48.8% 45.6% Martha McSally
3rd 40.1% 54.2% Raúl Grijalva
4th 63.8% 27.6% Paul Gosar
5th 62.9% 31.2% Matt Salmon
Andy Biggs
6th 59.5% 35.3% David Schweikert
7th 22.6% 71.8% Ruben Gallego
8th 60.7% 32.7% Trent Franks
9th 47.8% 46.6% Kyrsten Sinema

References

edit
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edit

Official campaign websites

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