Mazut: Difference between revisions

'''Mazut''' ({{lang-ru|[[wikt:мазут|Мазут]]|[[wikt:mazut|Mazut]]}}) is a low-quality [[heavy fuel oil]], used in [[Power station|power plants]] and similar applications in theIran and some countries of the former Soviet Union. In the West, through [[fluid catalytic cracking]], mazut is distilled into [[Diesel fuel|diesel]] and other light distillates.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2019-12-15 |author=Keyvan Hosseini, Agnieszka Stefaniec |title=Efficiency assessment of Iran's petroleum refining industry in the presence of unprofitable output: A dynamic two-stage slacks-based measure |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360544219318079 |journal=Energy |language=en |volume=189 |pages=116112 |doi=10.1016/j.energy.2019.116112 |bibcode=2019Ene...18916112H |s2cid=203996175 |issn=0360-5442}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Prohibition of mazut consumption in Iran |url=https://farsicnn.com/?p=12289 |publisher= |date= |access-date=}}</ref>

Mazut may be used for heating houses in some parts of the former [[USSR]] and in countries of the [[Far East]]{{clarify|date=July 2024}} that do not have the facilities to blend or break it down into more conventional petro-chemicals.

ThereMazut haveis been signs of mazut burningburned in [[Iran]] to compensate for the shortage of [[natural gas]] but it has caused environmental problems, such as huge amounts of [[air pollution]] in big cities such as [[Tehran]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-21 |title=Official: 'Iran Burning Mazut In 14 Power Plants' As Major Cities Suffer From Air Pollution - Iran Front Page |url=https://ifpnews.com/official-iran-burning-mazut-14-power-plants-major-cities-suffer-air-pollution/ |access-date=2023-01-24 |website=ifpnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

Mazut-100 is a [[fuel oil]] that is manufactured to [[GOST]] specifications, for example, GOST&nbsp;10585-75 (not active) or GOST&nbsp;10585-2013 (active as per December 2019<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gostperevod.com/gost-10585-2013.html |title=GOST 10585-2013 – Petroleum fuel. Mazut. Specifications |date= |website=GostPerevod.com – Russia & CIS standards norms regulations in English |access-date=2019-12-08}}</ref>). Mazut is almost exclusively{{cn|date=July 2024}} manufactured in [[Russia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Azerbaijan]], and [[Turkmenistan]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180321130958/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/mazut Definition of mazut in English] by Oxford Dictionaries: ''Origin: Late 19th century; earliest use found in Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature. From Russian mazut fuel oil, perhaps from an Azerbaijani Turkish derivative ultimately of Arabic zayt oil (plural zuyūt); probably unrelated to Russian regional mazutina oily stain (Tver′ region, 1897), Russian mazat′ to oil, to smear...''</ref> This product is typically used for larger boilers in producing steam, since the [[Heat of combustion|energy value]] is high.

Low- to high-sulfur mazut is available from Russia and other CIS countries (Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan). The technical specifications are represented in the same way, according to the Russian GOST&nbsp;10585-99. The Russian origin mazut demands higher prices.{{cn|date=July 2024}}