A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the bundle of techniques developed by the ... more A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the bundle of techniques developed by the multidisciplinary team to minimize infections in an adult intensive care unit over a 22-year span. Two periods were analyzed: 1996 to 2006 and 2007 to 2017. Bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and ventilator-associated pneumonia declined 58.6%, 56.7%, and 82.6%, respectively (P < .05) from 2007 to 2017 compared with these same infections during 1996 to 2006.
American Journal of Infection Control, Nov 1, 2021
BACKGROUND Strategies to improve adherence to standard and transmission-based precautions are ess... more BACKGROUND Strategies to improve adherence to standard and transmission-based precautions are essential to reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational strategy on precautions among nursing staff in primary healthcare settings. METHODS A randomized non-blinded controlled trial was conducted with 100 nursing staff working in 28 primary healthcare units. Groups were allocated randomly. The intervention group received a WebQuest educational strategy: a guided, creative method designed to engage participants in developing learning tasks, organized in five dimensions. The control group did not receive any training. Knowledge and self-reported adherence were assessed at three time points in the intervention group and at two time points in the control group. Data analyses were performed using Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's Exact for categorical data, and Mann-Whitney and Repeated Measures ANOVA for quantitative data. RESULTS A higher level of knowledge was identified in the post-intervention for the dimensions of risk assessment, hand hygiene, and mask use and cough etiquette (all P values p<0.05). The self-reported adherence increased in intervention (p=0,008) and control groups (p=0,005). The differences decreased after six months. CONCLUSION The educational intervention increased the knowledge and self- reported adherence to standard and transmission-based precautions.
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Mar 1, 2003
Objective:To investigate an apparent outbreak involving simultaneous isolation ofPseudomonas aeru... more Objective:To investigate an apparent outbreak involving simultaneous isolation ofPseudomonas aeruginosaandSerratia marcescensfrom bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples.Design:Retrospective and prospective cohort studies using chart review, environmental sampling, and ribotyping of all available isolates. Cleaning and disinfection procedures for the bronchoscopes were also evaluated.Setting:A 380-bed private hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil.Patients:Forty-one patients who underwent bronchoscopic procedures between December 1994 and October 1996 and from whomP. aeruginosaandS. marcescenswere concomitantly isolated. Bronchoscopes and related items were microbiologically assessed.Results:P. aeruginosaand S.marcescenswere simultaneously isolated from BAL samples 12.6% of the time (41 of 324) during the epidemic period versus 1.8% of the time (1 of 54) in the pre-epidemic period (P= .035). Ribotyping revealed two strains ofP. aeruginosaand one of S.marcescensthat were isolated from BAL samples of patients with no signs of respiratory tract infection, suggesting a pseudo-outbreak. Evaluation of bronchoscope disinfection revealed that inappropriate methods were being used. Implementation of simple control measures resulted in a significant decrease in simultaneous isolation of these species.Conclusion:Prevention of pseudo-outbreaks requires meticulous use of preventive measures for infection-prone medical procedures.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the bundle of techniques developed by the ... more A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the bundle of techniques developed by the multidisciplinary team to minimize infections in an adult intensive care unit over a 22-year span. Two periods were analyzed: 1996 to 2006 and 2007 to 2017. Bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and ventilator-associated pneumonia declined 58.6%, 56.7%, and 82.6%, respectively (P < .05) from 2007 to 2017 compared with these same infections during 1996 to 2006.
American Journal of Infection Control, Nov 1, 2021
BACKGROUND Strategies to improve adherence to standard and transmission-based precautions are ess... more BACKGROUND Strategies to improve adherence to standard and transmission-based precautions are essential to reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational strategy on precautions among nursing staff in primary healthcare settings. METHODS A randomized non-blinded controlled trial was conducted with 100 nursing staff working in 28 primary healthcare units. Groups were allocated randomly. The intervention group received a WebQuest educational strategy: a guided, creative method designed to engage participants in developing learning tasks, organized in five dimensions. The control group did not receive any training. Knowledge and self-reported adherence were assessed at three time points in the intervention group and at two time points in the control group. Data analyses were performed using Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's Exact for categorical data, and Mann-Whitney and Repeated Measures ANOVA for quantitative data. RESULTS A higher level of knowledge was identified in the post-intervention for the dimensions of risk assessment, hand hygiene, and mask use and cough etiquette (all P values p<0.05). The self-reported adherence increased in intervention (p=0,008) and control groups (p=0,005). The differences decreased after six months. CONCLUSION The educational intervention increased the knowledge and self- reported adherence to standard and transmission-based precautions.
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Mar 1, 2003
Objective:To investigate an apparent outbreak involving simultaneous isolation ofPseudomonas aeru... more Objective:To investigate an apparent outbreak involving simultaneous isolation ofPseudomonas aeruginosaandSerratia marcescensfrom bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples.Design:Retrospective and prospective cohort studies using chart review, environmental sampling, and ribotyping of all available isolates. Cleaning and disinfection procedures for the bronchoscopes were also evaluated.Setting:A 380-bed private hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil.Patients:Forty-one patients who underwent bronchoscopic procedures between December 1994 and October 1996 and from whomP. aeruginosaandS. marcescenswere concomitantly isolated. Bronchoscopes and related items were microbiologically assessed.Results:P. aeruginosaand S.marcescenswere simultaneously isolated from BAL samples 12.6% of the time (41 of 324) during the epidemic period versus 1.8% of the time (1 of 54) in the pre-epidemic period (P= .035). Ribotyping revealed two strains ofP. aeruginosaand one of S.marcescensthat were isolated from BAL samples of patients with no signs of respiratory tract infection, suggesting a pseudo-outbreak. Evaluation of bronchoscope disinfection revealed that inappropriate methods were being used. Implementation of simple control measures resulted in a significant decrease in simultaneous isolation of these species.Conclusion:Prevention of pseudo-outbreaks requires meticulous use of preventive measures for infection-prone medical procedures.
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