Ultrasensitive Mach-Zehnder Interferometric Temperature Sensor Based on Liquid-Filled D-Shaped Fiber Cavity
<p>(<b>a</b>) Schematic diagram for the proposed MCMZI sensor; (<b>b</b>–<b>e</b>) Device fabrication procedures.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>(<b>a</b>–<b>c</b>) Side and top view microscopic images of the MCMZIs with different cavity lengths of 82 μm, 199 μm, and 456 μm; (<b>d</b>) Transmission spectra of the MCMZIs in air corresponding to (<b>a</b>–<b>c</b>).</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Simulated electric field intensity evolution for light propagating through the MCMZIs when the cavity length is (<b>a</b>) 82 μm; (<b>b</b>) 199 μm; and (<b>c</b>) 456 μm in air, and when ambient RI is (<b>d</b>) 1.333; (<b>e</b>) 1.442; and (<b>f</b>) 1.516 for the cavity length 199 μm.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>Schematic diagram of the experimental setup for the temperature measurement system. Insets, the physical photographs of the two separated parts of temperature oven: a column oven and the temperature controlling unit.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>(<b>a</b>) Transmission spectra and (<b>b</b>) spatial frequency spectra of the MCMZI in air and different RI liquid environments, for the device with cavity length 199 μm.</p> "> Figure 6
<p>(<b>a</b>) Spectral dip wavelength as functions of environmental temperature for the proposed device with different cavity lengths of 82 μm, 199 μm, and 456 μm; (<b>b</b>) Spectral dip wavelength shift as functions of environmental temperature at different dip wavelength positions for the device with cavity length 199 μm.</p> "> Figure 7
<p>Spectral dip wavelength shift as functions of environmental temperature for the proposed device with cavity lengths (<b>a</b>) 199 μm and (<b>b</b>) 456 μm at different RIs of the filled liquids.</p> "> Figure 8
<p>Comparison of theoretically calculated and experimentally acquired temperature sensitivities for the filled liquids with different RIs.</p> "> Figure 9
<p>The transmission spectra evolution with the increase of environmental temperature, (<b>a</b>) 34.1 °C~37.9 °C, (<b>b</b>) 39.9 °C~79.7 °C, and (<b>c</b>) 83.8 °C~90.7 °C, for the device with cavity length of 456 μm and filled liquid RI of 1.482.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Structure Principles and Fabrication Methods
3. Principle Simulation and Experimental Setup
3.1. Simulation Results and Analysis
3.2. Experimental Setup
4. Sensing Experiments and Discussion
4.1. Spectral Response to Ambient Temperature
4.2. Ultrasensitive Region Analysis
4.3. Comparison and Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sensor Structure | Fabrication Technique | Sensing Area Length | Temperature Range (°C) | Sensitivity (nm/°C) | Liquid RI | TOC (/°C) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LPFG-filter [6] | fs laser direct writing | 5 mm | 20~500 | −0.01552 | - | - |
DPM-FLM [4] | mechanical polishing | 10 mm | 30~80 | 0.13 | - | - |
PSSF-MI [7] | Special fusion splicing | 21 mm | 100~900 | 0.096 | - | - |
WEB-MZI [16] | Special fusion splicing | 8 mm | 30~1000 | 0.087 | - | - |
PCF-MMI [17] | fs laser micromachining | 2.2 cm | 18~21 | 14.72 | 1.48 | −3.95 × 10−4 |
PCF- MZI [18] | Direct manual gluing | 2.5 cm | 20~25 | 16.49 | 1.454 | −3.90 × 10−4 |
MCMZI (This work) | Special fusion splicing | 456 μm | 28~35 | −56.73 | 1.484 | −3.96 × 10−4 |
34.1~37.9 | −84.72 | 1.482 | −3.95 × 10−4 |
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Zhang, H.; Gao, S.; Luo, Y.; Chen, Z.; Xiong, S.; Wan, L.; Huang, X.; Huang, B.; Feng, Y.; He, M.; et al. Ultrasensitive Mach-Zehnder Interferometric Temperature Sensor Based on Liquid-Filled D-Shaped Fiber Cavity. Sensors 2018, 18, 1239. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041239
Zhang H, Gao S, Luo Y, Chen Z, Xiong S, Wan L, Huang X, Huang B, Feng Y, He M, et al. Ultrasensitive Mach-Zehnder Interferometric Temperature Sensor Based on Liquid-Filled D-Shaped Fiber Cavity. Sensors. 2018; 18(4):1239. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041239
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Hui, Shecheng Gao, Yunhan Luo, Zhenshi Chen, Songsong Xiong, Lei Wan, Xincheng Huang, Bingsen Huang, Yuanhua Feng, Miao He, and et al. 2018. "Ultrasensitive Mach-Zehnder Interferometric Temperature Sensor Based on Liquid-Filled D-Shaped Fiber Cavity" Sensors 18, no. 4: 1239. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041239