1 INTRODUCTION Considerable attention has been given to the role of unsaturated zone in water sto... more 1 INTRODUCTION Considerable attention has been given to the role of unsaturated zone in water storage and contaminant transport studies. The ability of the soil to infiltrate water is important for moisture availability to crops, ground water recharge or estimations of surface and subsurface runoff rates during heavy rainstorms. Most often contaminants reach groundwater aquifers after first moving through the vadose zone. The soil serves as a natural filter, which is able to slow down, transform, or even totally eliminate some hazardous solutes. The soil is rather complicated system of non-uniform soil particles, organic matter and pores, which are filled with air and water. Good physical description of the unsaturated (vadose) zone and un-derstanding the water flow regime are the key ele-ments to solve many environmental problems. It has been a great challenge to observe the spa-tially and temporary heterogeneous physical condi-tions of the subsurface on a fairly easy way. The tra-...
Extreme floods represent an increased risk for urban areas and agriculture. Time to time the prot... more Extreme floods represent an increased risk for urban areas and agriculture. Time to time the protective earth dams are destroyed by a suddenly increased amount of water with destroing or even cathastrophic consequences. A numerical study of the soil moisture development within the earth body during the flood is simulated under a selection of boundary conditions. Several soil materials are
ABSTRACT Growing occurrence of extreme floods in the Czech Republic has attracted attention to th... more ABSTRACT Growing occurrence of extreme floods in the Czech Republic has attracted attention to the security of protective earthfill embankments along the rivers. A suddenly increased amount of water on the waterside slope of the embankment may have destroying or even catastrophic consequences. Predictions of seepage patterns through the earth body are usually done considering the saturated flow beneath the free water level only, neglecting the saturated-unsaturated character of the soil water dynamics within earthfill dams. The importance of water dynamics within an earth dam is known and may be addressed using numerical simulation models. In this study the solution based on transient simulation of seepage through protection levee using saturated-unsaturated theory is presented. Simulations were carried out by a two-dimensional numerical model based on Richards’ equation for water flow in porous medium. It has been shown that proposed approach is, with certain limitations, suitable for large scale engineering applications.
The field tension and ponded infiltration experiments were conducted to monitor and describe irre... more The field tension and ponded infiltration experiments were conducted to monitor and describe irregularities of moisture propagation and to estimate the soil hydraulic properties (Distric Cambisol, Korkusova Hut, Sumava). On these soils the preferential pathways have been observed in several scales with the use of dye tracers, MRI and CT imaging. Preferential behavior was detected also during laboratory infiltration experiments.
ABSTRACT Growing occurrence of extreme floods in the Czech Republic has attracted attention to th... more ABSTRACT Growing occurrence of extreme floods in the Czech Republic has attracted attention to the security of protective earthfill embankments along the rivers. A suddenly increased amount of water on the waterside slope of the embankment may have destroying or even catastrophic consequences. Predictions of seepage patterns through the earth body are usually done considering the saturated flow beneath the free water level only, neglecting the saturated-unsaturated character of the soil water dynamics within earthfill dams. The importance of water dynamics within an earth dam is known and may be addressed using numerical simulation models. In this study the solution based on transient simulation of seepage through protection levee using saturated-unsaturated theory is presented. Simulations were carried out by a two-dimensional numerical model based on Richards’ equation for water flow in porous medium. It has been shown that proposed approach is, with certain limitations, suitable for large scale engineering applications.
1 INTRODUCTION Considerable attention has been given to the role of unsaturated zone in water sto... more 1 INTRODUCTION Considerable attention has been given to the role of unsaturated zone in water storage and contaminant transport studies. The ability of the soil to infiltrate water is important for moisture availability to crops, ground water recharge or estimations of surface and subsurface runoff rates during heavy rainstorms. Most often contaminants reach groundwater aquifers after first moving through the vadose zone. The soil serves as a natural filter, which is able to slow down, transform, or even totally eliminate some hazardous solutes. The soil is rather complicated system of non-uniform soil particles, organic matter and pores, which are filled with air and water. Good physical description of the unsaturated (vadose) zone and un-derstanding the water flow regime are the key ele-ments to solve many environmental problems. It has been a great challenge to observe the spa-tially and temporary heterogeneous physical condi-tions of the subsurface on a fairly easy way. The tra-...
Extreme floods represent an increased risk for urban areas and agriculture. Time to time the prot... more Extreme floods represent an increased risk for urban areas and agriculture. Time to time the protective earth dams are destroyed by a suddenly increased amount of water with destroing or even cathastrophic consequences. A numerical study of the soil moisture development within the earth body during the flood is simulated under a selection of boundary conditions. Several soil materials are
ABSTRACT Growing occurrence of extreme floods in the Czech Republic has attracted attention to th... more ABSTRACT Growing occurrence of extreme floods in the Czech Republic has attracted attention to the security of protective earthfill embankments along the rivers. A suddenly increased amount of water on the waterside slope of the embankment may have destroying or even catastrophic consequences. Predictions of seepage patterns through the earth body are usually done considering the saturated flow beneath the free water level only, neglecting the saturated-unsaturated character of the soil water dynamics within earthfill dams. The importance of water dynamics within an earth dam is known and may be addressed using numerical simulation models. In this study the solution based on transient simulation of seepage through protection levee using saturated-unsaturated theory is presented. Simulations were carried out by a two-dimensional numerical model based on Richards’ equation for water flow in porous medium. It has been shown that proposed approach is, with certain limitations, suitable for large scale engineering applications.
The field tension and ponded infiltration experiments were conducted to monitor and describe irre... more The field tension and ponded infiltration experiments were conducted to monitor and describe irregularities of moisture propagation and to estimate the soil hydraulic properties (Distric Cambisol, Korkusova Hut, Sumava). On these soils the preferential pathways have been observed in several scales with the use of dye tracers, MRI and CT imaging. Preferential behavior was detected also during laboratory infiltration experiments.
ABSTRACT Growing occurrence of extreme floods in the Czech Republic has attracted attention to th... more ABSTRACT Growing occurrence of extreme floods in the Czech Republic has attracted attention to the security of protective earthfill embankments along the rivers. A suddenly increased amount of water on the waterside slope of the embankment may have destroying or even catastrophic consequences. Predictions of seepage patterns through the earth body are usually done considering the saturated flow beneath the free water level only, neglecting the saturated-unsaturated character of the soil water dynamics within earthfill dams. The importance of water dynamics within an earth dam is known and may be addressed using numerical simulation models. In this study the solution based on transient simulation of seepage through protection levee using saturated-unsaturated theory is presented. Simulations were carried out by a two-dimensional numerical model based on Richards’ equation for water flow in porous medium. It has been shown that proposed approach is, with certain limitations, suitable for large scale engineering applications.
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