The objective of the study is to weigh the impact of agroforestry practices on smallholder’s live... more The objective of the study is to weigh the impact of agroforestry practices on smallholder’s livelihood in the upland area of Cox’s bazar region. Few development organisations have been implementing some small scale livelihood development project focusing agroforestry practices on sustaining the upland community. The study was conducted to assess the suitability of the implemented program. The upland smallholders of Bangladesh have been suffering extreme poverty since the colonial period. In the Cox’s bazar region they also bear the same fate. Some tribal community living here too depending on forest extremely. They were overlooked mostly in terms of national development. In this context, the upland small farmers were selected for the study who possessed less than 01 ha agricultural land. The study found that about 57% of land used in homestead Agroforestry and 42% people adopted it as main income sources. As the 85% respondents claimed to have a better production and 71.67% ascertain that enhanced their annual income after the adoption of Agroforestry. They claimed to have a better life due to increasing their production and income level as well. In the same time, 60% respondents said their purchasing capacity has been improved. So that, they can buy additional food, afford the medication fees and able to bear the children’s schooling fees than before. Their dwelling status has also been improved which is the significant impact of Agroforestry practices as they claimed. The study suggests that the achievement of the present endeavour will be more sustainable if they have the long-term access to interestfree financial service as from NGOs like SHED & AF. The main problem is that the smallholders did not keep any written records of farming activities. The future efforts should be directed at on-farm research with prioritising the farmers’ involvement to identify the research problems.
The institute of forest science, kangwon national university, Nov 1, 2017
The study has piloted to find the Pattern of species distribution along environmental variables a... more The study has piloted to find the Pattern of species distribution along environmental variables and disturbance in Raghunandan Reserve Forest. Shaltila and Shahapur beat of Raghunandan Hill Reserve Forest are situated in Chunarughat sub-district of Habiganj district between 24°5'-24°10' N and 91°25'-91°30' E under the Sylhet Forest Division. The Environmental variable and vegetation data were collected from 30 sample plots from each forest beat by using arbitrary sampling without preconceived bias. 51 species were found from Shaltila and 34 species found in Shahapur forest beat. Thus the dataset continued with total 85 species in 60 samples. To determine the relationships between tree species distribution and environmental variables, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) ordination method were performed separately for two forest beat. In CCA ordination, tree species showed significant variation along environmental gradients in terms of soil organic matter and disturbances (p<0.05) in the case of Shaltila forest. Potassium has a significant relationship with axis 1 and axis 2 in this forest. But Shahapur forest showed no significant relationship between species and environmental variables. Phosphorus has a significantly negative relationship with axis 2 in this forest. Disturbance played as a critical role of this forest thus influencing the distribution of species. The study showed that the distributions of tree species are strongly influenced by disturbance and organic matter in Shaltila and Shahapur forest beat showed no significant relationship between species and environmental variables. Future research should be included more environmental variables with larger study area that identify the most important environmental forces which will drive by species distribution findings in this forest.
The study has piloted to find the Pattern of species distribution along environmental variables a... more The study has piloted to find the Pattern of species distribution along environmental variables and disturbance in Raghunandan Reserve Forest. Shaltila and Shahapur beat of Raghunandan Hill Reserve Forest are situated in Chunarughat sub-district of Habiganj district between 24°5'-24°10' N and 91°25'-91°30' E under the Sylhet Forest Division. The Environmental variable and vegetation data were collected from 30 sample plots from each forest beat by using arbitrary sampling without preconceived bias. 51 species were found from Shaltila and 34 species found in Shahapur forest beat. Thus the dataset continued with total 85 species in 60 samples. To determine the relationships between tree species distribution and environmental variables, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) ordination method were performed separately for two forest beat. In CCA ordination, tree species showed significant variation along environmental gradients in terms of soil organic matter and disturbances (p<0.05) in the case of Shaltila forest. Potassium has a significant relationship with axis 1 and axis 2 in this forest. But Shahapur forest showed no significant relationship between species and environmental variables. Phosphorus has a significantly negative relationship with axis 2 in this forest. Disturbance played as a critical role of this forest thus influencing the distribution of species. The study showed that the distributions of tree species are strongly influenced by disturbance and organic matter in Shaltila and Shahapur forest beat showed no significant relationship between species and environmental variables. Future research should be included more environmental variables with larger study area that identify the most important environmental forces which will drive by species distribution findings in this forest.
The objective of the study is to weigh the impact of agroforestry practices on smallholder’s live... more The objective of the study is to weigh the impact of agroforestry practices on smallholder’s livelihood in the upland area of Cox’s bazar region. Few development organisations have been implementing some small scale livelihood development project focusing agroforestry practices on sustaining the upland community. The study was conducted to assess the suitability of the implemented program. The upland smallholders of Bangladesh have been suffering extreme poverty since the colonial period. In the Cox’s bazar region they also bear the same fate. Some tribal community living here too depending on forest extremely. They were overlooked mostly in terms of national development. In this context, the upland small farmers were selected for the study who possessed less than 01 ha agricultural land. The study found that about 57% of land used in homestead Agroforestry and 42% people adopted it as main income sources. As the 85% respondents claimed to have a better production and 71.67% ascertain that enhanced their annual income after the adoption of Agroforestry. They claimed to have a better life due to increasing their production and income level as well. In the same time, 60% respondents said their purchasing capacity has been improved. So that, they can buy additional food, afford the medication fees and able to bear the children’s schooling fees than before. Their dwelling status has also been improved which is the significant impact of Agroforestry practices as they claimed. The study suggests that the achievement of the present endeavour will be more sustainable if they have the long-term access to interestfree financial service as from NGOs like SHED & AF. The main problem is that the smallholders did not keep any written records of farming activities. The future efforts should be directed at on-farm research with prioritising the farmers’ involvement to identify the research problems.
Arannayk Foundation, SHED and Bangladesh Forest Department supports the community of Madarboniya ... more Arannayk Foundation, SHED and Bangladesh Forest Department supports the community of Madarboniya Chakma para at Cox’s Bazar to develop Ecotourism in their surroundings as an alternative livelihood to reduce their forest dependency. The objective of the study is to assess present status (problem & prospects) and future potentiality of ecotourism development in the area. In the British ruling period, some indigenous communities migrated in Inani reserve forest under the Cox’s Bazar district from the adjacent Bandarban & Rangamati Hill Tracts in search of better livelihood. Hill forest based shifting cultivation was their prime source of livelihood. But slash and burn nature of this traditional system was blamed for forest biodiversity loss. It was identified one of the major drivers of forest encroachment and land use change. To search suitable solution, 01 reconnaissance, 03 exploratory assessment, 01 socioeconomic household and 01 external visitor surveys has been conducted. 02 FGD and 01 coordination meeting has been arranged to draw the outline. The study explored only 12% population are literate where 5 persons crossed the secondary level and 2 were graduate. It revealed 59% tourists expects traditional amenities, 28% desire modern facilities with traditional style and 12% demand modern luxurious facilities. About 63% visitors wish to enjoy customary Chakma festival. The exploration discovered the community culture, religious festival, traditional food, housing and lifestyle will be the capital component of Eco-tourism. The study recommends the commodification of traditional heritage, indigenous culture with some Eco-lodge and public infrastructure construction shall make the effort fruitful. If they get revenue, then they will conserve forests and biodiversity as integrated component of ecotourism and gradually abandon shifting cultivation, wild life hunting. Hence, ecotourism surely reduce the anthropogenic pressure on nearby forest for resources which will contribute the restoration and conservation.
Bangladesh has been facing the severe tornado incidents from the historical ages due to its geogr... more Bangladesh has been facing the severe tornado incidents from the historical ages due to its geographical location. In recent years, it becomes more frequent; even hit the land more than six times in a year. The study has been conducted based on critical review and analysis of secondary data. This review paper has been carried out to recognize the chronology and frequency within a certain period of time to identify the destruction pattern of tornadoes in the country. From 1865-2014 the country has been faced more than 250 tornadoes reported, in which 20 events or more were enormously deadliest in fatalities and damages in the world history. Within these, 116 events has been recorded minimum 01 life lose. The recounted data figured out these events causes more than 9667 no. of human lives lost, injured 74702 and affected another 586306 lives of human. The regularity of tornado increases last few decades, basically after 1960. Sequential development of human civilization with global warming inspires the amount of warm and dry air is that responsible for tornado occurrence. During the tornado, the heavy rainfall is formed for moist weather which contains huge water drops. Sudden large runoff pollutes the existing local water system and the crop lands in the affected area. Improved weather forecasting, warning system, tornado risk zoning maps and ensuring proper building code for infrastructure may help to reduce the losses.
The objective of the study is to weigh the impact of agroforestry practices on smallholder’s live... more The objective of the study is to weigh the impact of agroforestry practices on smallholder’s livelihood in the upland area of Cox’s bazar region. Few development organisations have been implementing some small scale livelihood development project focusing agroforestry practices on sustaining the upland community. The study was conducted to assess the suitability of the implemented program. The upland smallholders of Bangladesh have been suffering extreme poverty since the colonial period. In the Cox’s bazar region they also bear the same fate. Some tribal community living here too depending on forest extremely. They were overlooked mostly in terms of national development. In this context, the upland small farmers were selected for the study who possessed less than 01 ha agricultural land. The study found that about 57% of land used in homestead Agroforestry and 42% people adopted it as main income sources. As the 85% respondents claimed to have a better production and 71.67% ascertain that enhanced their annual income after the adoption of Agroforestry. They claimed to have a better life due to increasing their production and income level as well. In the same time, 60% respondents said their purchasing capacity has been improved. So that, they can buy additional food, afford the medication fees and able to bear the children’s schooling fees than before. Their dwelling status has also been improved which is the significant impact of Agroforestry practices as they claimed. The study suggests that the achievement of the present endeavour will be more sustainable if they have the long-term access to interestfree financial service as from NGOs like SHED & AF. The main problem is that the smallholders did not keep any written records of farming activities. The future efforts should be directed at on-farm research with prioritising the farmers’ involvement to identify the research problems.
The institute of forest science, kangwon national university, Nov 1, 2017
The study has piloted to find the Pattern of species distribution along environmental variables a... more The study has piloted to find the Pattern of species distribution along environmental variables and disturbance in Raghunandan Reserve Forest. Shaltila and Shahapur beat of Raghunandan Hill Reserve Forest are situated in Chunarughat sub-district of Habiganj district between 24°5'-24°10' N and 91°25'-91°30' E under the Sylhet Forest Division. The Environmental variable and vegetation data were collected from 30 sample plots from each forest beat by using arbitrary sampling without preconceived bias. 51 species were found from Shaltila and 34 species found in Shahapur forest beat. Thus the dataset continued with total 85 species in 60 samples. To determine the relationships between tree species distribution and environmental variables, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) ordination method were performed separately for two forest beat. In CCA ordination, tree species showed significant variation along environmental gradients in terms of soil organic matter and disturbances (p<0.05) in the case of Shaltila forest. Potassium has a significant relationship with axis 1 and axis 2 in this forest. But Shahapur forest showed no significant relationship between species and environmental variables. Phosphorus has a significantly negative relationship with axis 2 in this forest. Disturbance played as a critical role of this forest thus influencing the distribution of species. The study showed that the distributions of tree species are strongly influenced by disturbance and organic matter in Shaltila and Shahapur forest beat showed no significant relationship between species and environmental variables. Future research should be included more environmental variables with larger study area that identify the most important environmental forces which will drive by species distribution findings in this forest.
The study has piloted to find the Pattern of species distribution along environmental variables a... more The study has piloted to find the Pattern of species distribution along environmental variables and disturbance in Raghunandan Reserve Forest. Shaltila and Shahapur beat of Raghunandan Hill Reserve Forest are situated in Chunarughat sub-district of Habiganj district between 24°5'-24°10' N and 91°25'-91°30' E under the Sylhet Forest Division. The Environmental variable and vegetation data were collected from 30 sample plots from each forest beat by using arbitrary sampling without preconceived bias. 51 species were found from Shaltila and 34 species found in Shahapur forest beat. Thus the dataset continued with total 85 species in 60 samples. To determine the relationships between tree species distribution and environmental variables, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) ordination method were performed separately for two forest beat. In CCA ordination, tree species showed significant variation along environmental gradients in terms of soil organic matter and disturbances (p<0.05) in the case of Shaltila forest. Potassium has a significant relationship with axis 1 and axis 2 in this forest. But Shahapur forest showed no significant relationship between species and environmental variables. Phosphorus has a significantly negative relationship with axis 2 in this forest. Disturbance played as a critical role of this forest thus influencing the distribution of species. The study showed that the distributions of tree species are strongly influenced by disturbance and organic matter in Shaltila and Shahapur forest beat showed no significant relationship between species and environmental variables. Future research should be included more environmental variables with larger study area that identify the most important environmental forces which will drive by species distribution findings in this forest.
The objective of the study is to weigh the impact of agroforestry practices on smallholder’s live... more The objective of the study is to weigh the impact of agroforestry practices on smallholder’s livelihood in the upland area of Cox’s bazar region. Few development organisations have been implementing some small scale livelihood development project focusing agroforestry practices on sustaining the upland community. The study was conducted to assess the suitability of the implemented program. The upland smallholders of Bangladesh have been suffering extreme poverty since the colonial period. In the Cox’s bazar region they also bear the same fate. Some tribal community living here too depending on forest extremely. They were overlooked mostly in terms of national development. In this context, the upland small farmers were selected for the study who possessed less than 01 ha agricultural land. The study found that about 57% of land used in homestead Agroforestry and 42% people adopted it as main income sources. As the 85% respondents claimed to have a better production and 71.67% ascertain that enhanced their annual income after the adoption of Agroforestry. They claimed to have a better life due to increasing their production and income level as well. In the same time, 60% respondents said their purchasing capacity has been improved. So that, they can buy additional food, afford the medication fees and able to bear the children’s schooling fees than before. Their dwelling status has also been improved which is the significant impact of Agroforestry practices as they claimed. The study suggests that the achievement of the present endeavour will be more sustainable if they have the long-term access to interestfree financial service as from NGOs like SHED & AF. The main problem is that the smallholders did not keep any written records of farming activities. The future efforts should be directed at on-farm research with prioritising the farmers’ involvement to identify the research problems.
Arannayk Foundation, SHED and Bangladesh Forest Department supports the community of Madarboniya ... more Arannayk Foundation, SHED and Bangladesh Forest Department supports the community of Madarboniya Chakma para at Cox’s Bazar to develop Ecotourism in their surroundings as an alternative livelihood to reduce their forest dependency. The objective of the study is to assess present status (problem & prospects) and future potentiality of ecotourism development in the area. In the British ruling period, some indigenous communities migrated in Inani reserve forest under the Cox’s Bazar district from the adjacent Bandarban & Rangamati Hill Tracts in search of better livelihood. Hill forest based shifting cultivation was their prime source of livelihood. But slash and burn nature of this traditional system was blamed for forest biodiversity loss. It was identified one of the major drivers of forest encroachment and land use change. To search suitable solution, 01 reconnaissance, 03 exploratory assessment, 01 socioeconomic household and 01 external visitor surveys has been conducted. 02 FGD and 01 coordination meeting has been arranged to draw the outline. The study explored only 12% population are literate where 5 persons crossed the secondary level and 2 were graduate. It revealed 59% tourists expects traditional amenities, 28% desire modern facilities with traditional style and 12% demand modern luxurious facilities. About 63% visitors wish to enjoy customary Chakma festival. The exploration discovered the community culture, religious festival, traditional food, housing and lifestyle will be the capital component of Eco-tourism. The study recommends the commodification of traditional heritage, indigenous culture with some Eco-lodge and public infrastructure construction shall make the effort fruitful. If they get revenue, then they will conserve forests and biodiversity as integrated component of ecotourism and gradually abandon shifting cultivation, wild life hunting. Hence, ecotourism surely reduce the anthropogenic pressure on nearby forest for resources which will contribute the restoration and conservation.
Bangladesh has been facing the severe tornado incidents from the historical ages due to its geogr... more Bangladesh has been facing the severe tornado incidents from the historical ages due to its geographical location. In recent years, it becomes more frequent; even hit the land more than six times in a year. The study has been conducted based on critical review and analysis of secondary data. This review paper has been carried out to recognize the chronology and frequency within a certain period of time to identify the destruction pattern of tornadoes in the country. From 1865-2014 the country has been faced more than 250 tornadoes reported, in which 20 events or more were enormously deadliest in fatalities and damages in the world history. Within these, 116 events has been recorded minimum 01 life lose. The recounted data figured out these events causes more than 9667 no. of human lives lost, injured 74702 and affected another 586306 lives of human. The regularity of tornado increases last few decades, basically after 1960. Sequential development of human civilization with global warming inspires the amount of warm and dry air is that responsible for tornado occurrence. During the tornado, the heavy rainfall is formed for moist weather which contains huge water drops. Sudden large runoff pollutes the existing local water system and the crop lands in the affected area. Improved weather forecasting, warning system, tornado risk zoning maps and ensuring proper building code for infrastructure may help to reduce the losses.
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