Anemia is a condition with abnormalities in the red blood cells where lack of iron intake was pos... more Anemia is a condition with abnormalities in the red blood cells where lack of iron intake was postulated to be the main factor causing anemia. Research on iron intake, therefore, in a dolescent girls is essential, specifi cally in high anemia prevalence area. This study aimed to examine the eff ect of family socio-economic factors, anemia comprehension, and ten-highest iron foods consumed on iron intake. Observation al study with cross sectional design was performed, applying iron consumption as dependent variable and parents’ ed ucation, employment, income and expenditure, along with ten-highest high-iron foods consumed and knowledge a bout anemia as independent variables. Iron intake was collected using 3 x 24-hours food recall, and ten-highest i ron-rich foods consumed was obtained with 2 x food frequency questionnaire. Family socio-economic factors (educati on, employment, income and expenditure) and knowledge on anemia were assessed using standard questionnaire with closed-ende...
ABSTRACT The hydrolysis of beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) was examined using trypsin covalently immobil... more ABSTRACT The hydrolysis of beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) was examined using trypsin covalently immobilized on a cellulosic support. In order to decrease the steric hindrance and allow the high molecular weight BLG to approach the active site of the immobilized trypsin, various diaminoalkanes consisting of up to 12 carbons were introduced as spacers between the trypsin and the support. The diaminoalkane with a six-carbon chain was optimal for BLG hydrolysis. The activity of the immobilized trypsin in the presence of a spacer was high toward a small molecular weight substrate, N-alpha-benzoyl-DL-arginine-p-nitroanilide hydrochloride, but rather low toward BLG, indicating that the spacer reduced the steric hindrance. The Michaelis constant (Km) and maximum reaction rate (Vmax) were estimated for immobilized trypsin in the presence of the optimal spacer. The Km and Vmax of immobilized trypsin were larger and smaller than those of free trypsin, respectively, indicating less efficient accessibility of BLG to the active site of immobilized trypsin, despite the presence of the spacer. The pH stability range of immobilized trypsin was wider than that of free trypsin, and the thermal stability was significantly improved at temperatures above 45°C. The activity of immobilized trypsin for repeated batch processing of BLG hydrolysis decreased with repeated operation. Continuous BLG hydrolysis in a packed-bed reactor containing immobilized trypsin showed a decrease in the BLG hydrolysis yield to 40% after 9 days, which resulted from adsorption/accumulation of BLG and/or the produced peptides by the spacer or immobilized trypsin.
It has been indicated that beta glucan is potential for anticancer due to its activity as immunom... more It has been indicated that beta glucan is potential for anticancer due to its activity as immunomodulator. The aim of this research was to study the antitumor activity of oyster mushroom's beta glucan in female rats induced with 7,12 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) as cancer promotor. Experimental rats were divided into four groups which consist of control group, DMBA group and beta glucan-treated groups (with two different doses of 0.25 g.kg-1 and 1 g.kg-1). Inhibition of carcinogenesis were demonstrated in beta glucan-treated group which showed lower case of tumor incidence than DMBA group. Total volume and numbers of tumor nodules in beta glucan-treated group were lower than DMBA group. Analysis of histopathology of tumor nodules showed that beta glucan-treated group had a lower score than DMBA group indicating less severity of tumor. In conclusion, beta glucan from oyster mushroom has antitumor activity on DMBA-induced breast cancer in vivo.
Anemia is a condition with abnormalities in the red blood cells where lack of iron intake was pos... more Anemia is a condition with abnormalities in the red blood cells where lack of iron intake was postulated to be the main factor causing anemia. Research on iron intake, therefore, in a dolescent girls is essential, specifi cally in high anemia prevalence area. This study aimed to examine the eff ect of family socio-economic factors, anemia comprehension, and ten-highest iron foods consumed on iron intake. Observation al study with cross sectional design was performed, applying iron consumption as dependent variable and parents’ ed ucation, employment, income and expenditure, along with ten-highest high-iron foods consumed and knowledge a bout anemia as independent variables. Iron intake was collected using 3 x 24-hours food recall, and ten-highest i ron-rich foods consumed was obtained with 2 x food frequency questionnaire. Family socio-economic factors (educati on, employment, income and expenditure) and knowledge on anemia were assessed using standard questionnaire with closed-ende...
ABSTRACT The hydrolysis of beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) was examined using trypsin covalently immobil... more ABSTRACT The hydrolysis of beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) was examined using trypsin covalently immobilized on a cellulosic support. In order to decrease the steric hindrance and allow the high molecular weight BLG to approach the active site of the immobilized trypsin, various diaminoalkanes consisting of up to 12 carbons were introduced as spacers between the trypsin and the support. The diaminoalkane with a six-carbon chain was optimal for BLG hydrolysis. The activity of the immobilized trypsin in the presence of a spacer was high toward a small molecular weight substrate, N-alpha-benzoyl-DL-arginine-p-nitroanilide hydrochloride, but rather low toward BLG, indicating that the spacer reduced the steric hindrance. The Michaelis constant (Km) and maximum reaction rate (Vmax) were estimated for immobilized trypsin in the presence of the optimal spacer. The Km and Vmax of immobilized trypsin were larger and smaller than those of free trypsin, respectively, indicating less efficient accessibility of BLG to the active site of immobilized trypsin, despite the presence of the spacer. The pH stability range of immobilized trypsin was wider than that of free trypsin, and the thermal stability was significantly improved at temperatures above 45°C. The activity of immobilized trypsin for repeated batch processing of BLG hydrolysis decreased with repeated operation. Continuous BLG hydrolysis in a packed-bed reactor containing immobilized trypsin showed a decrease in the BLG hydrolysis yield to 40% after 9 days, which resulted from adsorption/accumulation of BLG and/or the produced peptides by the spacer or immobilized trypsin.
It has been indicated that beta glucan is potential for anticancer due to its activity as immunom... more It has been indicated that beta glucan is potential for anticancer due to its activity as immunomodulator. The aim of this research was to study the antitumor activity of oyster mushroom's beta glucan in female rats induced with 7,12 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) as cancer promotor. Experimental rats were divided into four groups which consist of control group, DMBA group and beta glucan-treated groups (with two different doses of 0.25 g.kg-1 and 1 g.kg-1). Inhibition of carcinogenesis were demonstrated in beta glucan-treated group which showed lower case of tumor incidence than DMBA group. Total volume and numbers of tumor nodules in beta glucan-treated group were lower than DMBA group. Analysis of histopathology of tumor nodules showed that beta glucan-treated group had a lower score than DMBA group indicating less severity of tumor. In conclusion, beta glucan from oyster mushroom has antitumor activity on DMBA-induced breast cancer in vivo.
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