... Norwich (2003). [15] J. Owino Traditional and central management systems of the Lake Victoria... more ... Norwich (2003). [15] J. Owino Traditional and central management systems of the Lake Victoria fisheries in Kenya, Socio-economics of the Lake Victoria fisheries, 1999. IUCN Report No.4 pp 14 [16] J. Owino, constraints and ...
Fisheries policies often pursue multiple objectives, which may, in some instances, be in conflict... more Fisheries policies often pursue multiple objectives, which may, in some instances, be in conflict or competition with each other. It may not be possible, for example, to create or maintain employment and generate increasing volumes of revenue for government whilst also sustaining stocks and biodiversity. Two approaches to fisheries management, one focused on capturing wealth and limiting access and the other on maintaining access for employment and providing community development and welfare, present contrasting policy advice, with different points of emphases and objectives. This article examines the case of Lake Victoria, where the three main commercial fisheries are seen to contribute to different objectives for the lake's fisheries. Insights from the debate between wealth-based and welfare-based approaches to fisheries management provide a framework for the analysis of fisheries policy and practice on the lake. From the analysis, it is concluded that whilst there is much rhetoric in support of a wealth-based approach, this has not been followed through in implementation, reflecting the lack of political support for new taxation and limiting access. The welfare functions of the fisheries are significant, but could be substantially strengthened through greater investment in the provision of services to fisheries communities. The approaches are not mutually exclusive, but pursuing wealth-based management must support livelihoods, employment and development, as well as fisheries management objectives. Without the incorporation of welfare objectives, fisheries policies will not be politically accepted or fully implemented, suggesting the need for a balance between wealth and welfare objectives and measures.
Abstract The problems encountered when seeking suitable locations for landfill sites often includ... more Abstract The problems encountered when seeking suitable locations for landfill sites often include public concern over the potential visual, health and environmental impacts. There have been many attempts to predict the response of residents in an area to a proposed ...
There is a long tradition of Indian farmers purchasing organic urban waste for use as a soil amen... more There is a long tradition of Indian farmers purchasing organic urban waste for use as a soil amendment, but there are few documented references to this practice. Research on the sale and use of municipal solid waste in Hubli-Dharwad has identified constraints on the continuing use of such waste, including an increase in the amount of inorganic waste (particularly plastics) and new initiatives in solid waste management. The use of organic urban waste provides an illustration of the urban-rural interactivity that characterises the peri-urban interface, and presents particular challenges to local government and other stakeholders.
1. Why Poverty and the Environment 2. Political Ecology 3. Analyzing institutions 4. A gender len... more 1. Why Poverty and the Environment 2. Political Ecology 3. Analyzing institutions 4. A gender lens on poverty and the environment 5. Livelihoods and wellbeing 6. Social network analysis 7. Analyzing governance 8. Conclusion
Following an introduction to India, its agricultural sector, and in particular the city of Hubli-... more Following an introduction to India, its agricultural sector, and in particular the city of Hubli-Dharwad, Karnataka, the issue of urban agriculture in Hubli-Dharwad is addressed. Particular reference is made to urban employment in agricultural activities. The different types of ...
... Norwich (2003). [15] J. Owino Traditional and central management systems of the Lake Victoria... more ... Norwich (2003). [15] J. Owino Traditional and central management systems of the Lake Victoria fisheries in Kenya, Socio-economics of the Lake Victoria fisheries, 1999. IUCN Report No.4 pp 14 [16] J. Owino, constraints and ...
Fisheries policies often pursue multiple objectives, which may, in some instances, be in conflict... more Fisheries policies often pursue multiple objectives, which may, in some instances, be in conflict or competition with each other. It may not be possible, for example, to create or maintain employment and generate increasing volumes of revenue for government whilst also sustaining stocks and biodiversity. Two approaches to fisheries management, one focused on capturing wealth and limiting access and the other on maintaining access for employment and providing community development and welfare, present contrasting policy advice, with different points of emphases and objectives. This article examines the case of Lake Victoria, where the three main commercial fisheries are seen to contribute to different objectives for the lake's fisheries. Insights from the debate between wealth-based and welfare-based approaches to fisheries management provide a framework for the analysis of fisheries policy and practice on the lake. From the analysis, it is concluded that whilst there is much rhetoric in support of a wealth-based approach, this has not been followed through in implementation, reflecting the lack of political support for new taxation and limiting access. The welfare functions of the fisheries are significant, but could be substantially strengthened through greater investment in the provision of services to fisheries communities. The approaches are not mutually exclusive, but pursuing wealth-based management must support livelihoods, employment and development, as well as fisheries management objectives. Without the incorporation of welfare objectives, fisheries policies will not be politically accepted or fully implemented, suggesting the need for a balance between wealth and welfare objectives and measures.
Abstract The problems encountered when seeking suitable locations for landfill sites often includ... more Abstract The problems encountered when seeking suitable locations for landfill sites often include public concern over the potential visual, health and environmental impacts. There have been many attempts to predict the response of residents in an area to a proposed ...
There is a long tradition of Indian farmers purchasing organic urban waste for use as a soil amen... more There is a long tradition of Indian farmers purchasing organic urban waste for use as a soil amendment, but there are few documented references to this practice. Research on the sale and use of municipal solid waste in Hubli-Dharwad has identified constraints on the continuing use of such waste, including an increase in the amount of inorganic waste (particularly plastics) and new initiatives in solid waste management. The use of organic urban waste provides an illustration of the urban-rural interactivity that characterises the peri-urban interface, and presents particular challenges to local government and other stakeholders.
1. Why Poverty and the Environment 2. Political Ecology 3. Analyzing institutions 4. A gender len... more 1. Why Poverty and the Environment 2. Political Ecology 3. Analyzing institutions 4. A gender lens on poverty and the environment 5. Livelihoods and wellbeing 6. Social network analysis 7. Analyzing governance 8. Conclusion
Following an introduction to India, its agricultural sector, and in particular the city of Hubli-... more Following an introduction to India, its agricultural sector, and in particular the city of Hubli-Dharwad, Karnataka, the issue of urban agriculture in Hubli-Dharwad is addressed. Particular reference is made to urban employment in agricultural activities. The different types of ...
The Routledge Handbook on Livelihoods in the Global South presents a unique, timely, comprehensiv... more The Routledge Handbook on Livelihoods in the Global South presents a unique, timely, comprehensive overview of livelihoods in low- and middle-income countries. Since their widespread adoption in the 1990s, livelihoods perspectives, frameworks and methods have influenced diverse areas of research, policy and practice.
The concept of livelihoods reflects the complexity of strategies and practices used by individuals, households and communities to meet their needs and live their lives. The Handbook brings together insights and critical analysis from diverse approaches and experiences, learning from research and practice over the last 30 years. The Handbook comprises an introductory section on key concepts and frameworks, followed by five parts, on researching livelihoods, negotiating livelihoods, generating livelihoods, enabling livelihoods and contextualising livelihoods. The introduction provides readers with an appreciation of concepts researched and applied in the five parts, including chapters on vulnerability and resilience, social capital and networks, and institutions. Each part reflects the diversity of approaches taken to understanding livelihoods, whilst recognising commonalities, including the centrality of power in shaping, enabling and constraining livelihoods. The book also reflects diversity of context, including conflict, climate change and religion, as well as in generating livelihoods, through agriculture, small-scale mining and pastoralism. The aim of each chapter is to provide a critically informed introduction and overview of key concepts, issues and debates of relevance to the topic, with each chapter concluding with suggestions for further reading.
It will be an essential resource to students, researchers and practitioners of international development and related fields. Researchers and practitioners will also benefit from the book's diverse disciplinary contributions and by the wide and contemporary coverage.
In one volume, this book brings together a diversity of approaches, theory and frameworks that ca... more In one volume, this book brings together a diversity of approaches, theory and frameworks that can be used to analyse the governance of renewable natural resources.
Renewable natural resources are under pressure, with over-exploitation and degradation raising concern globally. Understanding governance systems and practice is essential for developing effective and fair solutions. This book introduces readers to key concepts and issues concerned with the governance of renewable natural resources and illustrates the diversity of approaches, theories and frameworks that have been used to analyse governance systems and practice. Each chapter provides an introduction to an area of literature and theory and demonstrates application through a case study. The book covers a range of geographical locations, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries, and several types of natural resources. The approaches and theories introduced include common property theory, political ecology, institutional analysis, the social -ecological systems framework and social network analysis. Findings from across the chapters support an analytical focus on institutions and local context and a practical focus on diverse, flexible and inclusive governance solutions.
The book serves as an essential introduction to the governance of renewable natural resources for students, researchers and practitioners.
Making Climate Compatible Development Happen introduces readers to the concept of climate compati... more Making Climate Compatible Development Happen introduces readers to the concept of climate compatible development (CCD) through exploring what it might look like, how it could be achieved in practice and identifying challenges and dilemmas raised by CCD. The book brings together research that explores the assumptions underlying CCD and applies the concept in a range of geographic and sectoral settings.
The volume makes a significant contribution to the theorisation and evidence-base for how development efforts can be made more climate resilient and with lower greenhouse gas emissions than a ‘business as usual’ approach. It provides critical reflections on the vision and conceptualisation of CCD, exploring how to encourage it, and what trade-offs and challenges may be encountered. The contributions discuss the feasibility of achieving CCD, mechanisms that may support progress towards it, challenges that may be experienced and the roles of, and impacts on, different stakeholder groups. Following a critical reflection on the concept of CCD, the potential nature of, and barriers to, CCD, it is examined in relation to agriculture, renewable energy, forestry, pastoralism, coastal areas and fisheries, with case studies taken from countries including Ghana, India, Kenya, Mongolia, Mozambique and Peru.
The book provides a valuable cross-sectoral and international critical reflection on the theory and practice of CCD, and will be a resource for postgraduates, established scholars and undergraduates from any social science discipline, policymakers and practitioners studying or working on areas related to the interface between environment (climate change) and international development.
The diverse uses of Lake Victoria, East Africa, and the scale of the lake, bordered by three coun... more The diverse uses of Lake Victoria, East Africa, and the scale of the lake, bordered by three countries and covering 68,000 km 2 , mean that many government sectors and non-governmental actors are involved in the governance of the lake and impact on the fisheries. Inter-sectoral interaction happens at all levels but is not always frequent or well-coordinated – it may depend on the availability of funds and willingness of government officers and other actors to interact and work together. Examples of conflict and cooperation within and beyond the fisheries sector are provided, leading to the identification of opportunities to further and deepen collaboration between sectors.
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The concept of livelihoods reflects the complexity of strategies and practices used by individuals, households and communities to meet their needs and live their lives. The Handbook brings together insights and critical analysis from diverse approaches and experiences, learning from research and practice over the last 30 years. The Handbook comprises an introductory section on key concepts and frameworks, followed by five parts, on researching livelihoods, negotiating livelihoods, generating livelihoods, enabling livelihoods and contextualising livelihoods. The introduction provides readers with an appreciation of concepts researched and applied in the five parts, including chapters on vulnerability and resilience, social capital and networks, and institutions. Each part reflects the diversity of approaches taken to understanding livelihoods, whilst recognising commonalities, including the centrality of power in shaping, enabling and constraining livelihoods. The book also reflects diversity of context, including conflict, climate change and religion, as well as in generating livelihoods, through agriculture, small-scale mining and pastoralism. The aim of each chapter is to provide a critically informed introduction and overview of key concepts, issues and debates of relevance to the topic, with each chapter concluding with suggestions for further reading.
It will be an essential resource to students, researchers and practitioners of international development and related fields. Researchers and practitioners will also benefit from the book's diverse disciplinary contributions and by the wide and contemporary coverage.
Renewable natural resources are under pressure, with over-exploitation and degradation raising concern globally. Understanding governance systems and practice is essential for developing effective and fair solutions. This book introduces readers to key concepts and issues concerned with the governance of renewable natural resources and illustrates the diversity of approaches, theories and frameworks that have been used to analyse governance systems and practice. Each chapter provides an introduction to an area of literature and theory and demonstrates application through a case study. The book covers a range of geographical locations, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries, and several types of natural resources. The approaches and theories introduced include common property theory, political ecology, institutional analysis, the social -ecological systems framework and social network analysis. Findings from across the chapters support an analytical focus on institutions and local context and a practical focus on diverse, flexible and inclusive governance solutions.
The book serves as an essential introduction to the governance of renewable natural resources for students, researchers and practitioners.
The volume makes a significant contribution to the theorisation and evidence-base for how development efforts can be made more climate resilient and with lower greenhouse gas emissions than a ‘business as usual’ approach. It provides critical reflections on the vision and conceptualisation of CCD, exploring how to encourage it, and what trade-offs and challenges may be encountered. The contributions discuss the feasibility of achieving CCD, mechanisms that may support progress towards it, challenges that may be experienced and the roles of, and impacts on, different stakeholder groups. Following a critical reflection on the concept of CCD, the potential nature of, and barriers to, CCD, it is examined in relation to agriculture, renewable energy, forestry, pastoralism, coastal areas and fisheries, with case studies taken from countries including Ghana, India, Kenya, Mongolia, Mozambique and Peru.
The book provides a valuable cross-sectoral and international critical reflection on the theory and practice of CCD, and will be a resource for postgraduates, established scholars and undergraduates from any social science discipline, policymakers and practitioners studying or working on areas related to the interface between environment (climate change) and international development.