Papers by Henning Schneider
PLoS ONE, 2014
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American Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 1994
PROBLEM: We determined the maternal‐fetal transport of immunoglobulin G (IgG) during the third tr... more PROBLEM: We determined the maternal‐fetal transport of immunoglobulin G (IgG) during the third trimester of human pregnancy.METHOD: The concentration of IgG and its subclasses (IgG1–4) was determined in sera of blood samples from 38 pregnancies collected at the time of delivery from a peripheral maternal vein (MV) and from the placental umbilical artery (UA) and vein (UV). Gestational age varied between 28 and 42 weeks (WG).RESULT: Whereas placental weight showed a significant correlation with gestational age, the maternal level of IgG and the ratio of its subclasses did not vary with gestational age. At 28–33 WG (n = 15) the mean values in the UA (5.91 ± 1.53 g/1) and UV (6.41 ± 1.57 g/1) for total IgG concentration were lower than in the MV (10.74 ± 2.55 g/1). At the end of gestation (37–42 WG, n = 12), IgG in both UA (11.21 ± 1.95 g/1) and UV (12.26 ± 2.06 g/1) exceeded the maternal concentration (9.69 ± 1.84 g/1). In addition to the significant positive correlation between IgG c...
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The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2000
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Placenta, 2014
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Placenta, 1991
ABSTRACT
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Das kontraktionsfreie Myometrium bietet zusammen mit den Eihäuten und der geschlossenen Zervix de... more Das kontraktionsfreie Myometrium bietet zusammen mit den Eihäuten und der geschlossenen Zervix dem Fetus eine geschützte Umgebung für eine ungestörte Entwicklung. In dem Grenzbereich bestehend aus Dezidua und Zervix einerseits und der Plazenta mit den Eihäuten andererseits kommt es zu einem direkten Kontakt zwischen mütterlichen und fetalen Geweben. Der Schutz des hemiallogenetischen Embryos vor Abstoßungsreaktionen des mütterlichen Immunsystems sowie die Versorgung des Fetus, die durch die speziellen Gewebsstrukturen, die sich in dieser Kontaktzone in der Frühschwangerschaft entwickeln, gewährleistet wird, sind für die erfogreiche Schwangerschaft von zentraler Bedeutung. Dieser Bereich entwickelt ferner endokrine Funktionen, durch die die Anpassung des mütterlichen Organismus an die besonderen Bedürfnisse einer Schwangerschaft erst möglich wird.
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Pfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology, 1994
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Gynecol Endocrinol, 1987
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There is clear evidence that the placenta produces leptin. However, it is still unclear to what e... more There is clear evidence that the placenta produces leptin. However, it is still unclear to what extent leptin is released into the maternal and the fetal circulation. The aim of our study was to determine placental leptin release rates into these 2 compartments. In 10 term placentas, using dual in vitro perfusion of an isolated cotyledon, con- centrations of leptin,
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Der Gynakologe, Apr 27, 2012
Zusammenfassung Das vorzeitige Auftreten von Wehen, Abgang von Fruchtwasser sowie eine frühe Re... more Zusammenfassung Das vorzeitige Auftreten von Wehen, Abgang von Fruchtwasser sowie eine frühe Reifung der Zervix ist gleichbedeutend mit einer drohenden Frühgeburt. Die Ströung des für den Status quo während der Schwangerschaft verantwortlichen Gleichgewichts wird durch eine Kombination von endokrinen und parakrinen Mechanismen verursacht. Das “corticotropine releasing hormone” (CRH) scheint dabei in Bezug auf die Interaktion von endokrinem und immunologischem System eine Schlüsselfunktion einzunehmen. Die CRH-Produktion im Trophoblasten der Plazenta wird lokal durch proinflammatorische Zytokine, Hypoxie oder endokrin durch Cortisol oder Stresshormone stimuliert. Das CRH aktiviert einerseits die Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Nebennierenachse des Fetus, andererseits stimuliert es die Synthese von Prostaglandinen, Endothelin und Oxytocin. Neben der Dezidua ist auch das Amnion eine wichtige Produktionsstätte von Prostaglandinen und dem sog. “platelet activating factor” (PAF). Für die Zervixreifung sowie den Blasensprung ist das Gleichgewicht von Proteasen und Inhibitoren von besonderer Bedeutung. Während der Schwangerschaft wird die Aktivität der Proteasen durch eine hohe Konzentration von Inhibitoren im Fruchtwasser unterdrückt. Entzündliche Veränderungen in den Geweben können durch eine vermehrte Produktion von Proteasen zu einer Störung dieses Gleichgewichts führen.
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Prenatal Diagnosis, Mar 1, 2004
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Geburtsh Frauenheilk, 1994
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Contributions to Gynecology and Obstetrics, Feb 1, 1985
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Geburtshilfe Und Frauenheilkunde, 1996
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Gynakologe, 2008
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American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dec 1, 1981
Clearance indices (clearance of experimental material: clearance of antipyrine, CI) across the pe... more Clearance indices (clearance of experimental material: clearance of antipyrine, CI) across the perfused human placenta were determined for urea, sodium, and chloride. The selected materials are of relatively small molecular weight and are water soluble. Clearance of urea was determined under conditions of net transfer and of exchange and no difference was detected. Sodium and chloride clearances were measured as exchange rates. The CI were: urea, 0.32 and 0.38 toward fetus and mother, respectively); sodium, 0.28; and chloride, 0.41 (measured toward the fetus). Recalculation of data as the diffusion limitation (LD) facilitated comparison with data in the literature on the monkey, rabbit, and sheep. LD for urea was comparable among the four species whereas the sheep placenta differed, sharply limiting the diffusion of sodium and chloride. The discrepancy in the sheep between urea and sodium indicates that the low transfer rate of the latter cannot be explained by the "thickness" of the syndesmochorial placenta, as is often stated. Inferences concerning nitrogen metabolism in the fetus have been derived by others from data on transplacental urea gradients and urea clearance. Available data in the human are incomplete but are consistent with amino acids providing approximately 10% of fetal energy needs, with glucose serving as the predominant substrate.
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Gynakologisch Geburtshilfliche Rundschau, 2002
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Journal of Perinatal Medicine, Feb 1, 1989
Precise diagnosis of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) requires brain real-time ultrasound ... more Precise diagnosis of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) requires brain real-time ultrasound imaging procedure (US). However, maximal diagnostic efficiency of US lies between day 4 and 14 since fresh blood may initially appear sonolucent. Because of this supposed interval required for clot formation to become visible on US, serum CPK-BB estimations were performed in the first 60 hours of life to determine precise biochemical timing of PIVH. A group of 50 preterm infants less than 1500 g birth weight (1120 +/- 320 g) and 34 weeks gestation (30 +/- 3.7 weeks) was studied. Serial CPK-BB measurements were performed in serum immediately after birth (T0), then serially at time T1 (6-10 h), T2 (20-30 h), T3 (40-60 h). The incidence of PIVH diagnosed on the third day of life was 30%. Total CPK-BB values at T0 in infants who developed PIVH were significantly higher than those of patients without cerebral bleeding (70.8 +/- 30.5 vs 20.9 +/- 10.7 U/l) (p less than 0.05). The same statistically significant results were not observed analysing the CPK-BB values at T1, T2 and T3. These results suggest that most pathological conditions responsible for enzyme release occur in the pre- or perinatal period.
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American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Apr 30, 1991
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Papers by Henning Schneider