This essay analyzes the actual relationship between natural and manmade crises in longue-durée pe... more This essay analyzes the actual relationship between natural and manmade crises in longue-durée perspective and questions labels attached by master narrators. It challenges the standard view by differentiating sociologically between groups benefiting or suffering from migration. At the beginning, scales of spatial and temporal analysis are discussed as well as types of migration in relation to their potential impact. Next the elimination of mobility and crises in historiography and political theory regarding Greek and Roman societies are discussed. The following section approaches three distinct mass migrations in terms of push factors perceived, often justly so, as crises: the misnamed “peoples” migrations, migration after the “fall” of the Roman Empire, and settlement of the Yangtze Valley. Then forced labor mass migrations (slaveries) and the migrations in the Atlantic, Indian Ocean, and North China migration systems, self-decided under extreme economic and societal constraints, are analyzed. In conclusion present-day discourses are placed in context.
Includes call numbers for works available from the Library of the John F. Kennedy-Institute, Free... more Includes call numbers for works available from the Library of the John F. Kennedy-Institute, Free University of Berlin.
Prof. Michael Borgolte, Humboldt University of Berlin Prof. Kathleen N. Conzen, University of Chi... more Prof. Michael Borgolte, Humboldt University of Berlin Prof. Kathleen N. Conzen, University of Chicago Prof. Gerald D. Feldman, University of California at Berkeley Prof. Dirk Hoerder, University of Bremen Prof. Friedrich Lenger, University of Giesen (Chairman) Prof. Monika Medick-Krakau, University of Dresden Prof. Jurgen Osterhammel, University of Constance Prof. Helga Schnabel-Schule, University of Trier
The main problem with the book is the authors' failure to describe precisely the respondents,... more The main problem with the book is the authors' failure to describe precisely the respondents, especially the time of their arrival in the U.S. and their ages. On page 1, it appears that all interviewees immigrated "in the wake of World War I" but that is tempered later when we are told (p. 119) that "the vast majority" came "in the years immediately before and after World War 1." On page 9, we are told that the respondents "moved to the United States before 1927 and were at least thirteen years old when they immigrated" but on page 3, they are described as women who "experienced immigrant family life" first "as children" and then as "parents." To add to the confusion, many of the events discussed including the Shirtwaist strike of 1909-1910, the Triangle Shirtwaist fire of 1911, and details included in the Immigration Commission Reports, 1907-1911 would not have been experienced by women who immigrated after 1918. The authors should have told us more about New York City after 1920 effect of immigration restriction laws, attitudes toward unions, effects of the Great Depression and World War II when conditions were so very different from those in the early years of the century. Then the authors could have fit their interviews into a more relevant context. Some of the most interesting material in the book reports on differences between the two ethnic groups. For example, Italian wives in this sample reported more often than did Jewish wives that their husbands shared in the housework, when the women took jobs outside the home. Such findings should have been explored in more detail. The authors should also have given more credit to earlier work on the subject. They imply that virtually no research was produced before 1990 when, in fact, many of the studies they cite, such as Miriam Cohen's doctoral dissertation (1978) and Thomas Kessner's findings on "The Immigrant Household" (in The Golden Door, 1997) precede that date. These complaints aside, the authors have gathered material that will help us unravel women's experiences after mass immigration ended years that have attracted far too little attention up to now.
Migration in Rus’-land, Tsarist Russia and Soviet history received little attention before 1986. ... more Migration in Rus’-land, Tsarist Russia and Soviet history received little attention before 1986. Since the 2000s interest has intensified. This issue of the Journal of Migration History provides a synopsis of the continuity as well as multiplicity of migrations from the sixth to the nineteenth century and case studies of different migrations from the late nineteenth century to the 1990s. Migration of state-backed Slavic-speaking peasants in the late nineteenth century into Kazakhs’ grazing lands disrupted the way-of-life of the herders and acerbated class relations between increasingly wealthy and increasingly poor herders. In Tsarist society as a whole, the regime deprived dissidents of ways of expression and encouraged pogroms against Jewish families and communities. Many of those who fled made their way to London and other safe havens. In Parliament, and among the British public in general, a sometimes acrimonious debate about immigration restrictions began. A 1905 anti-alien law kept the door open for political refugees but closed it to impoverished migrants. In wartime after 1914 and far more so after 1941 the state evacuated people before advancing armies and deported others, perceived to be disloyal. In this respect, the change from Tsarist to Bolshevik rule in its Stalinist version was no break – but the much larger quantity of people being moved around led to a new quality: authorities lost sight or interest in distinguishing evacuees from deportees. When, in the late 1950s, control relaxed, young people began to migrate on their own for a limited period of time. The limichiki faced exploitative hiring factories but often supportive state authorities. When glasnost changed the labour regime under neo-liberalist policies, the status of the temporary workers declined. The Tsarist-Soviet/Stalinist-post-1986 sequence of regimes encouraged, hindered or prohibited, and organised a vast variety of free, unfree, and forced labour migrations that were, in part at least, ways of life.
... Finally, the arrival of new groups from Asia, Africa, East-ern Europe, and the former Soviet ... more ... Finally, the arrival of new groups from Asia, Africa, East-ern Europe, and the former Soviet ... history, written at a time when scholars struggle to un-derstand the multiple trends that come ... publication of Moving Europeans, it has become apparent that we live in an age of migration. ...
"Roots of the Transplanted" addresses those aspects of pre-migration culture - a conglo... more "Roots of the Transplanted" addresses those aspects of pre-migration culture - a conglomorate of norms, values, and experiences - which migrants bring along as their cultural baggage. Volume I, "Late 19th-Century East Central and Southeastern Europe," includes newly commissioned studies on the effect of gender in the migration experience of Croatian, Slovak, and Polish women. Volume II, "Plebian Culture, Class, and Politics in the Life of Labor Migrants," discusses questions of class and ethnicity, tracing them back to the cultures of origin and using folktales to probe their social and ethnic meaning.
User's Guide Migrants From Southern Europe The Press of Labor Migrants from South European Co... more User's Guide Migrants From Southern Europe The Press of Labor Migrants from South European Countries: Introduction by Dirk Hoerder Notes Italians Spaniards Portugese Migrants From Western Europe The Press of Labor Migrants from Western and Central Europe: Introduction by Dirk Hoerder English and Scots Welsch Irish Dutch-Speaking Peoples French-Speaking Peoples German-Speaking Peoples Prefatory Remanrks and Acknowledgements Depositories Introduction Notes Bibliography Appendixes Title Index Place Index Chronological Index Combined Southern and Western Title Index
This essay analyzes the actual relationship between natural and manmade crises in longue-durée pe... more This essay analyzes the actual relationship between natural and manmade crises in longue-durée perspective and questions labels attached by master narrators. It challenges the standard view by differentiating sociologically between groups benefiting or suffering from migration. At the beginning, scales of spatial and temporal analysis are discussed as well as types of migration in relation to their potential impact. Next the elimination of mobility and crises in historiography and political theory regarding Greek and Roman societies are discussed. The following section approaches three distinct mass migrations in terms of push factors perceived, often justly so, as crises: the misnamed “peoples” migrations, migration after the “fall” of the Roman Empire, and settlement of the Yangtze Valley. Then forced labor mass migrations (slaveries) and the migrations in the Atlantic, Indian Ocean, and North China migration systems, self-decided under extreme economic and societal constraints, are analyzed. In conclusion present-day discourses are placed in context.
Includes call numbers for works available from the Library of the John F. Kennedy-Institute, Free... more Includes call numbers for works available from the Library of the John F. Kennedy-Institute, Free University of Berlin.
Prof. Michael Borgolte, Humboldt University of Berlin Prof. Kathleen N. Conzen, University of Chi... more Prof. Michael Borgolte, Humboldt University of Berlin Prof. Kathleen N. Conzen, University of Chicago Prof. Gerald D. Feldman, University of California at Berkeley Prof. Dirk Hoerder, University of Bremen Prof. Friedrich Lenger, University of Giesen (Chairman) Prof. Monika Medick-Krakau, University of Dresden Prof. Jurgen Osterhammel, University of Constance Prof. Helga Schnabel-Schule, University of Trier
The main problem with the book is the authors' failure to describe precisely the respondents,... more The main problem with the book is the authors' failure to describe precisely the respondents, especially the time of their arrival in the U.S. and their ages. On page 1, it appears that all interviewees immigrated "in the wake of World War I" but that is tempered later when we are told (p. 119) that "the vast majority" came "in the years immediately before and after World War 1." On page 9, we are told that the respondents "moved to the United States before 1927 and were at least thirteen years old when they immigrated" but on page 3, they are described as women who "experienced immigrant family life" first "as children" and then as "parents." To add to the confusion, many of the events discussed including the Shirtwaist strike of 1909-1910, the Triangle Shirtwaist fire of 1911, and details included in the Immigration Commission Reports, 1907-1911 would not have been experienced by women who immigrated after 1918. The authors should have told us more about New York City after 1920 effect of immigration restriction laws, attitudes toward unions, effects of the Great Depression and World War II when conditions were so very different from those in the early years of the century. Then the authors could have fit their interviews into a more relevant context. Some of the most interesting material in the book reports on differences between the two ethnic groups. For example, Italian wives in this sample reported more often than did Jewish wives that their husbands shared in the housework, when the women took jobs outside the home. Such findings should have been explored in more detail. The authors should also have given more credit to earlier work on the subject. They imply that virtually no research was produced before 1990 when, in fact, many of the studies they cite, such as Miriam Cohen's doctoral dissertation (1978) and Thomas Kessner's findings on "The Immigrant Household" (in The Golden Door, 1997) precede that date. These complaints aside, the authors have gathered material that will help us unravel women's experiences after mass immigration ended years that have attracted far too little attention up to now.
Migration in Rus’-land, Tsarist Russia and Soviet history received little attention before 1986. ... more Migration in Rus’-land, Tsarist Russia and Soviet history received little attention before 1986. Since the 2000s interest has intensified. This issue of the Journal of Migration History provides a synopsis of the continuity as well as multiplicity of migrations from the sixth to the nineteenth century and case studies of different migrations from the late nineteenth century to the 1990s. Migration of state-backed Slavic-speaking peasants in the late nineteenth century into Kazakhs’ grazing lands disrupted the way-of-life of the herders and acerbated class relations between increasingly wealthy and increasingly poor herders. In Tsarist society as a whole, the regime deprived dissidents of ways of expression and encouraged pogroms against Jewish families and communities. Many of those who fled made their way to London and other safe havens. In Parliament, and among the British public in general, a sometimes acrimonious debate about immigration restrictions began. A 1905 anti-alien law kept the door open for political refugees but closed it to impoverished migrants. In wartime after 1914 and far more so after 1941 the state evacuated people before advancing armies and deported others, perceived to be disloyal. In this respect, the change from Tsarist to Bolshevik rule in its Stalinist version was no break – but the much larger quantity of people being moved around led to a new quality: authorities lost sight or interest in distinguishing evacuees from deportees. When, in the late 1950s, control relaxed, young people began to migrate on their own for a limited period of time. The limichiki faced exploitative hiring factories but often supportive state authorities. When glasnost changed the labour regime under neo-liberalist policies, the status of the temporary workers declined. The Tsarist-Soviet/Stalinist-post-1986 sequence of regimes encouraged, hindered or prohibited, and organised a vast variety of free, unfree, and forced labour migrations that were, in part at least, ways of life.
... Finally, the arrival of new groups from Asia, Africa, East-ern Europe, and the former Soviet ... more ... Finally, the arrival of new groups from Asia, Africa, East-ern Europe, and the former Soviet ... history, written at a time when scholars struggle to un-derstand the multiple trends that come ... publication of Moving Europeans, it has become apparent that we live in an age of migration. ...
"Roots of the Transplanted" addresses those aspects of pre-migration culture - a conglo... more "Roots of the Transplanted" addresses those aspects of pre-migration culture - a conglomorate of norms, values, and experiences - which migrants bring along as their cultural baggage. Volume I, "Late 19th-Century East Central and Southeastern Europe," includes newly commissioned studies on the effect of gender in the migration experience of Croatian, Slovak, and Polish women. Volume II, "Plebian Culture, Class, and Politics in the Life of Labor Migrants," discusses questions of class and ethnicity, tracing them back to the cultures of origin and using folktales to probe their social and ethnic meaning.
User's Guide Migrants From Southern Europe The Press of Labor Migrants from South European Co... more User's Guide Migrants From Southern Europe The Press of Labor Migrants from South European Countries: Introduction by Dirk Hoerder Notes Italians Spaniards Portugese Migrants From Western Europe The Press of Labor Migrants from Western and Central Europe: Introduction by Dirk Hoerder English and Scots Welsch Irish Dutch-Speaking Peoples French-Speaking Peoples German-Speaking Peoples Prefatory Remanrks and Acknowledgements Depositories Introduction Notes Bibliography Appendixes Title Index Place Index Chronological Index Combined Southern and Western Title Index
Edited by Johannes Preiser-Kapeller, Lucian Reinfandt und Yannis Stouraitis
The transition zone between Africa, Asia and Europe was the most important intersection of human mobility in the medieval period. The present volume for the first time systematically covers migration histories of the regions between the Mediterranean and Central Asia and between Eastern Europe and the Indian Ocean in the centuries from Late Antiquity up to the early modern era. Within this framework, specialists from Byzantine, Islamic, Medieval and African history provide detailed analyses of specific regions and groups of migrants, both elites and non-elites as well as voluntary and involuntary. Thereby, also current debates of migration studies are enriched with a new dimension of deep historical time.
Contributors are: Alexander Beihammer, Lutz Berger, Florin Curta, Charalampos Gasparis, George Hatke, Dirk Hoerder, Johannes Koder, Johannes Preiser-Kapeller, Lucian Reinfandt, Youval Rotman, Yannis Stouraitis, Panayiotis Theodoropoulos, and Myriam Wissa.
Migrants developing a society, scholars developing a Transcultural Societal Studies approach: the... more Migrants developing a society, scholars developing a Transcultural Societal Studies approach: the case of Canada-or: the several Canadas 1 Abstract: Histories of societies need to start "from the bottom up" or, correctly, from the majority up and may in the course of the argument narrow the story to small elites. Scholars in the many parts of Canada-a plurality-have dealt with these issues from the late 19th century and, with the multiculturalism debate, have arrived at transdisciplinary approaches. These I have combined into the Transcultural Societal Studies approach. In this lecture I will outline the migration history, the negotiations between Canada's many parts, and the specifics of scholarly pluralism.
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Papers by Dirk Hoerder
Studies in Global Migration History, Band: 39/13
Edited by Johannes Preiser-Kapeller, Lucian Reinfandt und Yannis Stouraitis
The transition zone between Africa, Asia and Europe was the most important intersection of human mobility in the medieval period. The present volume for the first time systematically covers migration histories of the regions between the Mediterranean and Central Asia and between Eastern Europe and the Indian Ocean in the centuries from Late Antiquity up to the early modern era.
Within this framework, specialists from Byzantine, Islamic, Medieval and African history provide detailed analyses of specific regions and groups of migrants, both elites and non-elites as well as voluntary and involuntary. Thereby, also current debates of migration studies are enriched with a new dimension of deep historical time.
Contributors are: Alexander Beihammer, Lutz Berger, Florin Curta, Charalampos Gasparis, George Hatke, Dirk Hoerder, Johannes Koder, Johannes Preiser-Kapeller, Lucian Reinfandt, Youval Rotman, Yannis Stouraitis, Panayiotis Theodoropoulos, and Myriam Wissa.