The royal palm bug, Xylastodoris luteolus Barber, is one of the few arthropods that feed on Cuban... more The royal palm bug, Xylastodoris luteolus Barber, is one of the few arthropods that feed on Cuban royal palms, Roystonea regia, which are native to Florida and Cuba. This insect species is the only representative of the small, tropical family Thaumastocoridae in North America. This document is EENY-097, one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative ExtensionService, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: July 1999. Reviewed: May 2005. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in254
In his review of the taxonomy of West Indian cycads, Eckenwalder (1980) designated a specimen col... more In his review of the taxonomy of West Indian cycads, Eckenwalder (1980) designated a specimen collected in south central Puerto Rico as the lectotype of Zamia erosa (Ponce: Coamo Springs, 14 Jun22 Jul 1901, Cook sn, lectotype: NY!, Fig. 1; isolectotype: NY!), placing ...
Anatomical differences in leaves of queen palm [Syagrus romanzoffiana (Chamisso) Glassman] showin... more Anatomical differences in leaves of queen palm [Syagrus romanzoffiana (Chamisso) Glassman] showing visible K, Mn, and Fe deficiency symptoms are described. Potassium-deficient leaves showed less organization in the mesophyll than healthy leaves. Adaxial fibers increased in diameter. Chloroplast frequency was reduced overall, but most severely in areas of the leaf showing gross symptoms of the deficiency. Manganese-deficient leaves had reduced chloroplast frequency, especially in tissue near necrotic areas, and thicker and more fibers per unit length. Iron-deficient leaves had few chloroplasts throughout the mesophyll, and also thicker and more fibers per unit length.
Growth of Pentas lanecolata (Forssk.) Deflers `Starburst Pink' and Ixora coccinea L. `Maui... more Growth of Pentas lanecolata (Forssk.) Deflers `Starburst Pink' and Ixora coccinea L. `Maui' was compared in container media using sphagnum peat, sedge peat, or coir dust as their peat components. Growth index and top and root dry weights of both crops were significantly better in coir-based medium than sedge peat-based medium. Pentas grew equally well in coir- and sphagnum peat-based medium. Growth index and top dry weight of Ixora were significantly lower in the coir-based than the sphagnum peat-based medium, although root dry weights were equal. This difference was not apparent and may have been caused by N drawdown in the coir-based mix. The sedge peat-based medium had the highest air porosity and the lowest water-holding capacity of the three media at the initiation of the trials, but at the termination of the study, it showed a reversal of these characteristics. The coir-based medium showed the least change in these attributes over time. Coir dust seems to be an accepta...
DCPTA is a synthetically produced tertiary amine bioregulator with potential for increasing crop ... more DCPTA is a synthetically produced tertiary amine bioregulator with potential for increasing crop productivity at high light intensities. DCPTA reduces the number of days from planting to maturity in various potted ornamental crops, including `Fortune' daffodil (Narcissus L.), `Sonora' tulip (Tulipa L.), and `Jan Bos' hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis L.). Our objective was to examine how light intensity and DCPTA application influence growth and flowering of amaryllis (Hippeastrum hybridum Hort.). Flowering size bulbs of a micropropagated amaryllis clone were treated with 30 μm or no DCPTA and grown in full sun or 63% shade for 1 year. Number of scapes produced, flowers per scape, change in bulb fresh weight, number of bulblets produced, and bulblet weight were recorded and analyzed. There were no significant differences in days to first flowering or in number of flowers produced per scape among the treatments. DCPTA application at the recommended rate significantly reduce...
We report the analysis of floral fragrance volatiles from two scented amaryllis species, Hippeast... more We report the analysis of floral fragrance volatiles from two scented amaryllis species, Hippeastrum brasilianum and Hippeastrum parodii. Whereas the headspace of H. brasilianum is dominated by a large peak of (Z)-β-ocimene (88% of total peak area), H. parodii has two large peaks comprising 78%, identified as eucalyptol (1,8-cineole, 30%) and (Z)-β-ocimene (48%). The two species also differ in other constituent compounds. Overall, H. parodii, although producing less total volatile organic compounds (VOCs), has a more diverse bouquet. This species also exhibits an inverse pattern of emission between eucalyptol and β-ocimene, both daily and across the 4-day period from anthesis to senescence of the flower. We compare our results with reports for a complex amaryllis hybrid and a bat-pollinated species, Hippeastrum calyptratum. The hybrid had a very different complement of emissions. The bat-pollinated species shared some of the same constituent volatiles as H. brasilianum and H. parodi...
A new saxicolous species of Amaryllidaceae tentatively assigned to the tribe Clinantheae, Pamiant... more A new saxicolous species of Amaryllidaceae tentatively assigned to the tribe Clinantheae, Pamiantheecollis Silverst., Meerow & Sánchez-Taborda, is described from the western slope of the Cordillera Occidental in the department of Cauca, Colombia. The new species differs from the two hitherto known species of Pamianthe in its yellow flowers and in its nearly obsolete perianth tube. The near loss of the perianth tube may be correlated with a change in pollinator. The new species lacks a bulb; it produces a large number of winged seeds that are wind-dispersed. A key to the species of Pamianthe is provided. This is the first record of the genus Pamianthe for Colombia. The phylogenetic position of the genus Pamianthe is discussed.
Species distribution models (SDMs) are popular tools for predicting the geographic ranges of spec... more Species distribution models (SDMs) are popular tools for predicting the geographic ranges of species. It is common practice to use georeferenced records obtained from online databases to generate these models. Using three species of Phaedranassa (Amaryllidaceae) from the Northern Andes, we compare the geographic ranges as predicted by SDMs based on online records (after standard data cleaning) with SDMs of these records confirmed through extensive field searches. We also review the identification of herbarium collections. The species’ ranges generated with corroborated field records did not agree with the species’ ranges based on the online data. Specifically, geographic ranges based on online data were significantly inflated and had significantly different and wider elevational extents compared to the ranges based on verified field records. Our results suggest that to generate accurate predictions of species’ ranges, occurrence records need to be carefully evaluated with (1) approp...
The bulbs of Hymenocallis littoralis, collected in Hawaii and horticulturally grown in Arizona, a... more The bulbs of Hymenocallis littoralis, collected in Hawaii and horticulturally grown in Arizona, and bulbs of Hymenocallis caribaea and Hymenocallis latifolia, collected in Singapore, were found to contain a cytotoxic, isocarbostyril-type biosynthetic product, 7-deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine [2]. This new compound inhibited the cytopathicity and/or replication of various viruses. Companion cytotoxic constituents of H. littoralis and Hymenocallis sp. were found to be pancratistatin [1], narciclasine [5], and 7-deoxynarciclasine [4]. These four compounds, along with four other closely related compounds, were comparatively evaluated in the National Cancer Institute's in vitro cytotoxicity panel. Although there were striking differences in overall potency, some of the compounds shared a highly characteristic differential cytotoxicity profile against the 60 diverse human tumor cell lines comprising the NCI panel. As a group, the melanoma subpanel lines were most sensitive; certain individual lines within other subpanels (eg., NSC lung, colon, brain, renal) were as much as a thousand-fold or more sensitive than the less sensitive lines.
ABSTRACT. The monophyletic,Eurasian clade of Amaryllidaceae,was,analyzed,using plastid ndhF and,r... more ABSTRACT. The monophyletic,Eurasian clade of Amaryllidaceae,was,analyzed,using plastid ndhF and,rDNA ITS se- quences for 33 and 29 taxa, respectively; all genera were represented by at least one species. Both maximum parsimony and Bayesian analysis were,used on each data set and the combined,data. Both sequence matrices,resolve the Central and East Asian tribe Lycorideae as sister to the Mediterranean-centered genera of the clade,
The royal palm bug, Xylastodoris luteolus Barber, is one of the few arthropods that feed on Cuban... more The royal palm bug, Xylastodoris luteolus Barber, is one of the few arthropods that feed on Cuban royal palms, Roystonea regia, which are native to Florida and Cuba. This insect species is the only representative of the small, tropical family Thaumastocoridae in North America. This document is EENY-097, one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative ExtensionService, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: July 1999. Reviewed: May 2005. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in254
In his review of the taxonomy of West Indian cycads, Eckenwalder (1980) designated a specimen col... more In his review of the taxonomy of West Indian cycads, Eckenwalder (1980) designated a specimen collected in south central Puerto Rico as the lectotype of Zamia erosa (Ponce: Coamo Springs, 14 Jun22 Jul 1901, Cook sn, lectotype: NY!, Fig. 1; isolectotype: NY!), placing ...
Anatomical differences in leaves of queen palm [Syagrus romanzoffiana (Chamisso) Glassman] showin... more Anatomical differences in leaves of queen palm [Syagrus romanzoffiana (Chamisso) Glassman] showing visible K, Mn, and Fe deficiency symptoms are described. Potassium-deficient leaves showed less organization in the mesophyll than healthy leaves. Adaxial fibers increased in diameter. Chloroplast frequency was reduced overall, but most severely in areas of the leaf showing gross symptoms of the deficiency. Manganese-deficient leaves had reduced chloroplast frequency, especially in tissue near necrotic areas, and thicker and more fibers per unit length. Iron-deficient leaves had few chloroplasts throughout the mesophyll, and also thicker and more fibers per unit length.
Growth of Pentas lanecolata (Forssk.) Deflers `Starburst Pink' and Ixora coccinea L. `Maui... more Growth of Pentas lanecolata (Forssk.) Deflers `Starburst Pink' and Ixora coccinea L. `Maui' was compared in container media using sphagnum peat, sedge peat, or coir dust as their peat components. Growth index and top and root dry weights of both crops were significantly better in coir-based medium than sedge peat-based medium. Pentas grew equally well in coir- and sphagnum peat-based medium. Growth index and top dry weight of Ixora were significantly lower in the coir-based than the sphagnum peat-based medium, although root dry weights were equal. This difference was not apparent and may have been caused by N drawdown in the coir-based mix. The sedge peat-based medium had the highest air porosity and the lowest water-holding capacity of the three media at the initiation of the trials, but at the termination of the study, it showed a reversal of these characteristics. The coir-based medium showed the least change in these attributes over time. Coir dust seems to be an accepta...
DCPTA is a synthetically produced tertiary amine bioregulator with potential for increasing crop ... more DCPTA is a synthetically produced tertiary amine bioregulator with potential for increasing crop productivity at high light intensities. DCPTA reduces the number of days from planting to maturity in various potted ornamental crops, including `Fortune' daffodil (Narcissus L.), `Sonora' tulip (Tulipa L.), and `Jan Bos' hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis L.). Our objective was to examine how light intensity and DCPTA application influence growth and flowering of amaryllis (Hippeastrum hybridum Hort.). Flowering size bulbs of a micropropagated amaryllis clone were treated with 30 μm or no DCPTA and grown in full sun or 63% shade for 1 year. Number of scapes produced, flowers per scape, change in bulb fresh weight, number of bulblets produced, and bulblet weight were recorded and analyzed. There were no significant differences in days to first flowering or in number of flowers produced per scape among the treatments. DCPTA application at the recommended rate significantly reduce...
We report the analysis of floral fragrance volatiles from two scented amaryllis species, Hippeast... more We report the analysis of floral fragrance volatiles from two scented amaryllis species, Hippeastrum brasilianum and Hippeastrum parodii. Whereas the headspace of H. brasilianum is dominated by a large peak of (Z)-β-ocimene (88% of total peak area), H. parodii has two large peaks comprising 78%, identified as eucalyptol (1,8-cineole, 30%) and (Z)-β-ocimene (48%). The two species also differ in other constituent compounds. Overall, H. parodii, although producing less total volatile organic compounds (VOCs), has a more diverse bouquet. This species also exhibits an inverse pattern of emission between eucalyptol and β-ocimene, both daily and across the 4-day period from anthesis to senescence of the flower. We compare our results with reports for a complex amaryllis hybrid and a bat-pollinated species, Hippeastrum calyptratum. The hybrid had a very different complement of emissions. The bat-pollinated species shared some of the same constituent volatiles as H. brasilianum and H. parodi...
A new saxicolous species of Amaryllidaceae tentatively assigned to the tribe Clinantheae, Pamiant... more A new saxicolous species of Amaryllidaceae tentatively assigned to the tribe Clinantheae, Pamiantheecollis Silverst., Meerow & Sánchez-Taborda, is described from the western slope of the Cordillera Occidental in the department of Cauca, Colombia. The new species differs from the two hitherto known species of Pamianthe in its yellow flowers and in its nearly obsolete perianth tube. The near loss of the perianth tube may be correlated with a change in pollinator. The new species lacks a bulb; it produces a large number of winged seeds that are wind-dispersed. A key to the species of Pamianthe is provided. This is the first record of the genus Pamianthe for Colombia. The phylogenetic position of the genus Pamianthe is discussed.
Species distribution models (SDMs) are popular tools for predicting the geographic ranges of spec... more Species distribution models (SDMs) are popular tools for predicting the geographic ranges of species. It is common practice to use georeferenced records obtained from online databases to generate these models. Using three species of Phaedranassa (Amaryllidaceae) from the Northern Andes, we compare the geographic ranges as predicted by SDMs based on online records (after standard data cleaning) with SDMs of these records confirmed through extensive field searches. We also review the identification of herbarium collections. The species’ ranges generated with corroborated field records did not agree with the species’ ranges based on the online data. Specifically, geographic ranges based on online data were significantly inflated and had significantly different and wider elevational extents compared to the ranges based on verified field records. Our results suggest that to generate accurate predictions of species’ ranges, occurrence records need to be carefully evaluated with (1) approp...
The bulbs of Hymenocallis littoralis, collected in Hawaii and horticulturally grown in Arizona, a... more The bulbs of Hymenocallis littoralis, collected in Hawaii and horticulturally grown in Arizona, and bulbs of Hymenocallis caribaea and Hymenocallis latifolia, collected in Singapore, were found to contain a cytotoxic, isocarbostyril-type biosynthetic product, 7-deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine [2]. This new compound inhibited the cytopathicity and/or replication of various viruses. Companion cytotoxic constituents of H. littoralis and Hymenocallis sp. were found to be pancratistatin [1], narciclasine [5], and 7-deoxynarciclasine [4]. These four compounds, along with four other closely related compounds, were comparatively evaluated in the National Cancer Institute's in vitro cytotoxicity panel. Although there were striking differences in overall potency, some of the compounds shared a highly characteristic differential cytotoxicity profile against the 60 diverse human tumor cell lines comprising the NCI panel. As a group, the melanoma subpanel lines were most sensitive; certain individual lines within other subpanels (eg., NSC lung, colon, brain, renal) were as much as a thousand-fold or more sensitive than the less sensitive lines.
ABSTRACT. The monophyletic,Eurasian clade of Amaryllidaceae,was,analyzed,using plastid ndhF and,r... more ABSTRACT. The monophyletic,Eurasian clade of Amaryllidaceae,was,analyzed,using plastid ndhF and,rDNA ITS se- quences for 33 and 29 taxa, respectively; all genera were represented by at least one species. Both maximum parsimony and Bayesian analysis were,used on each data set and the combined,data. Both sequence matrices,resolve the Central and East Asian tribe Lycorideae as sister to the Mediterranean-centered genera of the clade,
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