Dendrocalamus hamiltonii plants are slender and tall (15-25 m) thereby, rendering tagging, sampli... more Dendrocalamus hamiltonii plants are slender and tall (15-25 m) thereby, rendering tagging, sampling and tracking the development of flowers difficult. Therefore, a reproducible system of in vitro flowering was established for tracking the stages of flower development. MS medium supplemented with 2.22 microM 6-benzylaminopurine, 1.23 microM indole-3-butyric acid and 2% sucrose was optimized as the flower induction medium (FIM) wherein 28 and 42 days were required for the development of gynoecium and androecium, respectively. Six distinct stages of in vitro flower development were identified, and the flowers were comparable with that of in planta sporadic flowers. Pollen viability of the in vitro flowers was higher than those of in planta ones. The in vitro system developed in the present study facilitates easy tracking of different stages of flower development under controlled environmental conditions. It can also be used for medium- or long-term storage of pollens and manipulation o...
In the early branching parasitic protist Entamoeba histolytica, pre-rRNA synthesis continues when... more In the early branching parasitic protist Entamoeba histolytica, pre-rRNA synthesis continues when cells are subjected to growth stress, but processing slows down and unprocessed pre-rRNA accumulates. To gain insight into the regulatory mechanisms leading to accumulation, it is necessary to define the pre-rRNA processing machinery in E. histolytica. We searched the E. histolytica genome sequence for homologs of the SSU processome, which contains the U3snoRNA, and 72 proteins in yeast. We could identify 57 of the proteins with high confidence. Of the rest, 6 were absent in human, and 4 were non-essential in yeast. The remaining 5 were absent in other parasite genomes as well. Analysis of U3snoRNA showed that the E. histolytica U3snoRNA adopted the same conserved secondary structure as seen in yeast and human. The predicted structure was verified by chemical modification followed by primer extension (SHAPE). Further we showed that the predicted interactions of Eh_U3snoRNA boxes A and A' with pre-18S rRNA were highly conserved both in position and sequence. The predicted interactions of 5'-hinge and 3'-hinge sequences of Eh_U3 snoRNA with the 5'-ETS sequences were conserved in position but not in sequence. Transcription of selected genes of SSU processome was tested by northern analysis, and transcripts of predicted sizes were obtained. During serum starvation, when unprocessed pre-RNA accumulated, the transcript levels of some of these genes declined. This is the first report on pre-rRNA processing machinery in E. histolytica, and shows that the components are well conserved with respect to yeast and human.
Thermal degradation of total carotenoids, lycopene and visual colour of watermelon juice was stud... more Thermal degradation of total carotenoids, lycopene and visual colour of watermelon juice was studied at 5090°C up to 5 h. Total carotenoids content in fresh watermelon juice was reduced from 4.568 to 0.929 mg/100 g, lycopene from 4.403 to 0.82 mg/100 g and Hunter 'a × b' ...
Kinetics of lycopene and visual color degradation of tomato peel was studied at selected temperat... more Kinetics of lycopene and visual color degradation of tomato peel was studied at selected temperatures (50100°C). Models based on lycopene and Hunter (a × b) values of frac-tional conversion were applied to determine the kinetic parameters. The degradation of lycopene and Hunter ...
Skin, rich in lycopene, is an important component of waste originating from tomato paste manufact... more Skin, rich in lycopene, is an important component of waste originating from tomato paste manufacturing plants. A central composite design with five independent variables, namely solvent/meal ratio (20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1, and 60:1v/w); number of extractions (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5); temperature (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60°C); particle size (0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.43mm); extraction time (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20min) was used to study their effects on lycopene extraction. The experimental values of lycopene ranged between 0.639 and 1.98mg/100g. The second order model obtained for extracted lycopene revealed a coefficient of determination (R(2)) of 0.99 and a standard error of 0.03. Maximum lycopene (1.98mg/100g) was extracted when the solvent/meal ratio, number of extractions, temperature, particle size and extraction time were 30:1v/w, 4, 50°C, 0.15mm and 8min, respectively.
Background Small nucleolar RNAs are a highly conserved group of small RNAs found in eukaryotic ce... more Background Small nucleolar RNAs are a highly conserved group of small RNAs found in eukaryotic cells. Genes encoding these RNAs are diversely located throughout the genome. They are functionally conserved, performing post transcriptional modification (methylation and pseudouridylation) of rRNA and other nuclear RNAs. They belong to two major categories: the C/D box and H/ACA box containing snoRNAs. U3 snoRNA is an exceptional member of C/D box snoRNAs and is involved in early processing of pre-rRNA. An antisense sequence is present in each snoRNA which guides the modification or processing of target RNA. However, some snoRNAs lack this sequence and often they are called orphan snoRNAs. Results We have searched snoRNAs of Entamoeba histolytica from the genome sequence using computational programmes (snoscan and snoSeeker) and we obtained 99 snoRNAs (C/D and H/ACA box snoRNAs) along with 5 copies of Eh_U3 snoRNAs. These are located diversely in the genome, mostly in intergenic regions...
Background: Wheat bran is an important by-product in the cereal industry. It is considered one of... more Background: Wheat bran is an important by-product in the cereal industry. It is considered one of the amplest and most economically cheap sources of insoluble fiber and is rich in minerals and various bioactive compounds. Objective: In this research, the antioxidant, functional, and molecular properties of bran were screened in six different cultivars of wheat, viz. HUW-234, PBW-373, WH-1105, PBW-502, HD-2967, and PBW-343. Methods: In the present study, the methods, namely, DPPH, TPC, and FRAP, were used for the screening of antioxidant properties, bulk density, WAC and OAC for functional properties, and tannin, trypsin inhibitor and phytate for anti-nutritional properties. Results: Our results showed that in thermally processed wheat bran (Autoclaved, Hot air oven, Microwave, Toasting), the antioxidant activity increased in comparison to native wheat bran, whereas water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) compared to native bran. In ad...
Dendrocalamus hamiltonii plants are slender and tall (15-25 m) thereby, rendering tagging, sampli... more Dendrocalamus hamiltonii plants are slender and tall (15-25 m) thereby, rendering tagging, sampling and tracking the development of flowers difficult. Therefore, a reproducible system of in vitro flowering was established for tracking the stages of flower development. MS medium supplemented with 2.22 microM 6-benzylaminopurine, 1.23 microM indole-3-butyric acid and 2% sucrose was optimized as the flower induction medium (FIM) wherein 28 and 42 days were required for the development of gynoecium and androecium, respectively. Six distinct stages of in vitro flower development were identified, and the flowers were comparable with that of in planta sporadic flowers. Pollen viability of the in vitro flowers was higher than those of in planta ones. The in vitro system developed in the present study facilitates easy tracking of different stages of flower development under controlled environmental conditions. It can also be used for medium- or long-term storage of pollens and manipulation o...
In the early branching parasitic protist Entamoeba histolytica, pre-rRNA synthesis continues when... more In the early branching parasitic protist Entamoeba histolytica, pre-rRNA synthesis continues when cells are subjected to growth stress, but processing slows down and unprocessed pre-rRNA accumulates. To gain insight into the regulatory mechanisms leading to accumulation, it is necessary to define the pre-rRNA processing machinery in E. histolytica. We searched the E. histolytica genome sequence for homologs of the SSU processome, which contains the U3snoRNA, and 72 proteins in yeast. We could identify 57 of the proteins with high confidence. Of the rest, 6 were absent in human, and 4 were non-essential in yeast. The remaining 5 were absent in other parasite genomes as well. Analysis of U3snoRNA showed that the E. histolytica U3snoRNA adopted the same conserved secondary structure as seen in yeast and human. The predicted structure was verified by chemical modification followed by primer extension (SHAPE). Further we showed that the predicted interactions of Eh_U3snoRNA boxes A and A' with pre-18S rRNA were highly conserved both in position and sequence. The predicted interactions of 5'-hinge and 3'-hinge sequences of Eh_U3 snoRNA with the 5'-ETS sequences were conserved in position but not in sequence. Transcription of selected genes of SSU processome was tested by northern analysis, and transcripts of predicted sizes were obtained. During serum starvation, when unprocessed pre-RNA accumulated, the transcript levels of some of these genes declined. This is the first report on pre-rRNA processing machinery in E. histolytica, and shows that the components are well conserved with respect to yeast and human.
Thermal degradation of total carotenoids, lycopene and visual colour of watermelon juice was stud... more Thermal degradation of total carotenoids, lycopene and visual colour of watermelon juice was studied at 5090°C up to 5 h. Total carotenoids content in fresh watermelon juice was reduced from 4.568 to 0.929 mg/100 g, lycopene from 4.403 to 0.82 mg/100 g and Hunter 'a × b' ...
Kinetics of lycopene and visual color degradation of tomato peel was studied at selected temperat... more Kinetics of lycopene and visual color degradation of tomato peel was studied at selected temperatures (50100°C). Models based on lycopene and Hunter (a × b) values of frac-tional conversion were applied to determine the kinetic parameters. The degradation of lycopene and Hunter ...
Skin, rich in lycopene, is an important component of waste originating from tomato paste manufact... more Skin, rich in lycopene, is an important component of waste originating from tomato paste manufacturing plants. A central composite design with five independent variables, namely solvent/meal ratio (20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1, and 60:1v/w); number of extractions (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5); temperature (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60°C); particle size (0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.43mm); extraction time (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20min) was used to study their effects on lycopene extraction. The experimental values of lycopene ranged between 0.639 and 1.98mg/100g. The second order model obtained for extracted lycopene revealed a coefficient of determination (R(2)) of 0.99 and a standard error of 0.03. Maximum lycopene (1.98mg/100g) was extracted when the solvent/meal ratio, number of extractions, temperature, particle size and extraction time were 30:1v/w, 4, 50°C, 0.15mm and 8min, respectively.
Background Small nucleolar RNAs are a highly conserved group of small RNAs found in eukaryotic ce... more Background Small nucleolar RNAs are a highly conserved group of small RNAs found in eukaryotic cells. Genes encoding these RNAs are diversely located throughout the genome. They are functionally conserved, performing post transcriptional modification (methylation and pseudouridylation) of rRNA and other nuclear RNAs. They belong to two major categories: the C/D box and H/ACA box containing snoRNAs. U3 snoRNA is an exceptional member of C/D box snoRNAs and is involved in early processing of pre-rRNA. An antisense sequence is present in each snoRNA which guides the modification or processing of target RNA. However, some snoRNAs lack this sequence and often they are called orphan snoRNAs. Results We have searched snoRNAs of Entamoeba histolytica from the genome sequence using computational programmes (snoscan and snoSeeker) and we obtained 99 snoRNAs (C/D and H/ACA box snoRNAs) along with 5 copies of Eh_U3 snoRNAs. These are located diversely in the genome, mostly in intergenic regions...
Background: Wheat bran is an important by-product in the cereal industry. It is considered one of... more Background: Wheat bran is an important by-product in the cereal industry. It is considered one of the amplest and most economically cheap sources of insoluble fiber and is rich in minerals and various bioactive compounds. Objective: In this research, the antioxidant, functional, and molecular properties of bran were screened in six different cultivars of wheat, viz. HUW-234, PBW-373, WH-1105, PBW-502, HD-2967, and PBW-343. Methods: In the present study, the methods, namely, DPPH, TPC, and FRAP, were used for the screening of antioxidant properties, bulk density, WAC and OAC for functional properties, and tannin, trypsin inhibitor and phytate for anti-nutritional properties. Results: Our results showed that in thermally processed wheat bran (Autoclaved, Hot air oven, Microwave, Toasting), the antioxidant activity increased in comparison to native wheat bran, whereas water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) compared to native bran. In ad...
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Papers by Devinder kaur