Papers by Peter H . Wilson
Disability and Rehabilitation, Feb 22, 2019
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The ability to move around and act seems a natural condition which is acquired during development... more The ability to move around and act seems a natural condition which is acquired during development without the necessity for specific training. We develop an amazing number of motor skills in relative short time in infancy and childhood, motor skills that range from locomotion to plaiting, requiring gross or fine motor coordination. And we seem to have vast capacities to apply the principles of coordination to new skills, thereby creating new possibilities for tool use, object manipulation, sportive activities, etc. In general, motor development is promoted by interaction with the environment which affords and constrains certain actions and offers models for imitation learning. Some of our skills need specific training and instruction, for example writing, an activity that is unlikely to develop naturally. Some children, however, do not seem to develop their motor skills to a level that is normal for their age. They seem to have difficulty in learning the motor skills that belong to the repertoire of other children of their age, and they are clumsy when using these skills. As a result, they perform at a similar level as younger children and seem to lag behind in their motor development. There may be structural or pathological causes for the motor impairment of these children, i.e. areas in the brain that have some form of structural damage, or a hormone deficit such as in congenital hypothyroidism. For many children with problems in motor skills however, no specific neurological or other medical cause can be found. These children are the subject of this book. In the international diagnostical classification system (DSM) these children are referred to as children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). In the literature you may find several other terms that relate to DCD, such as clumsiness, dyspraxia, perceptual-motor and sensori-motor integration problems, although there is still debate as to whether these are similar or distinct categories. I sometimes call them ‘delightful clumsy devils’ (dcd), although they themselves may often not feel that way. This book aims to inform the interested reader - professional, researcher, student, teacher and parent alike – about our current knowledge of DCD . It reviews the problems and limitations that children with DCD meet, the major available tests in the domain of perceptual-motor function, the evidence for subtypes and comorbidity, the deficits underlying DCD, the major intervention approaches and their effectiveness, and finally the management of DCD. It should convince the reader of the complementary nature of process and product oriented diagnostics and intervention. It should also stimulate the use of available knowledge, and the use of appropriate instruments for diagnosis, assessment, and treatment or stimulation. The ultimate goal being the optimal development – not just motor development – according to the capacities of the child with DCD, a task for parents, teachers and professionals involved.
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Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feb 1, 2023
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Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions, 2020
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Brain and Cognition, Nov 1, 2016
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Research in Developmental Disabilities, May 1, 2014
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Griffith Research Online.
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BMC Health Services Research
Background Understanding how and why de-implementation of low-value practices is sustained remain... more Background Understanding how and why de-implementation of low-value practices is sustained remains unclear. The Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International CollaboraTive (PREDICT) Bronchiolitis Knowledge Translation (KT) Study was a cluster randomised controlled trial conducted in 26 Australian and New Zealand hospitals (May-November 2017). Results showed targeted, theory-informed interventions (clinical leads, stakeholder meetings, train-the-trainer workshop, targeted educational package, audit/feedback) were effective at reducing use of five low-value practices for bronchiolitis (salbutamol, glucocorticoids, antibiotics, adrenaline and chest x-ray) by 14.1% in acute care settings. The primary aim of this study is to determine the sustainability (continued receipt of benefits) of these outcomes at intervention hospitals two-years after the removal of study supports. Secondary aims are to determine sustainability at one-year after removal of study support at intervent...
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Addictive Behaviors, 2017
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Virtual Reality, Jul 22, 2020
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Brain Injury, Apr 7, 2010
To evaluate the effectiveness of a tabletop virtual-reality (VR) based upper-limb rehabilitation ... more To evaluate the effectiveness of a tabletop virtual-reality (VR) based upper-limb rehabilitation system (called Elements) for promoting movement skill in patients with TBI. An ABA case study design with multiple baselines was employed. Baseline performance in this design is contrasted against the results during the treatment phase. Three patients with TBI participated in 12 1-hour sessions of VR-based training. The VR system consisted of a 42-inch tabletop LCD, camera tracking system and tangible user interface. The system requires participants to move an object to cued locations while receiving augmented movement feedback to reinforce speed, trajectory and placement. Upper limb performance was assessed using these three system-measured variables and standardized tests. Trends in the time-sequence plots for each patient were assessed by sight inspection of smoothed data and then by statistical analyses. Participants demonstrated improvements on movement accuracy, efficiency and bimanual dexterity and mixed improvement on speed and other measures of movement skill. Taken together, the findings demonstrate that the Elements system shows promise in facilitating motor learning in these TBI patients. Larger scale trials are now deemed a viable step in further validating the system.
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Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, Oct 23, 2017
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Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jun 1, 2023
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Human Movement Science, 2015
Recent research shows that children with motor coordination problems (or developmental coordinati... more Recent research shows that children with motor coordination problems (or developmental coordination disorder – DCD) show deficits in not only cool executive function (EF), but also hot EF. We aimed to determine whether this deficit of hot EF is due to heightened sensitivity to rewarding stimuli, specifically, or to a general deficit of cognitive control, like inhibition. Using two versions of a go/no-go task, one with neutral facial expressions and the other with happy and fearful faces, we compared 12 children with DCD with 28 typically-developing children, aged 7–12 years. Like earlier studies, children responded faster to happy faces. Both groups showed comparable accuracy in response to go targets, and also had similar commission errors, except when the no-go stimulus was a happy face. Importantly, the DCD group made significantly more commission errors to happy faces failing to suppress their response on more than half of the no-go trials. These results suggest a heightened sensitivity to emotionally significant distractors in DCD; this type of impulsivity may undermine self-regulation in DCD, with possible implications for adaptive function and emotional well-being. We argue that the interaction of cognitive control and emotion processing networks may be disrupted in DCD or delayed in development.
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Brain Injury, Feb 1, 2012
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the Elements virtual reality (VR) system for ... more The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the Elements virtual reality (VR) system for rehabilitation of upper-limb function in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Using a within-group design, patients were tested three times, each 4 weeks apart: Pre-intervention 1 and 2 and Post-intervention. During intervention, participants received 12 1-hour training sessions over 4 weeks in addition to their usual care. Five males and four females aged 18-48 years with severe TBI were recruited. The Elements system consisted of a 100-cm tabletop LCD, camera tracking system, tangible user interfaces (i.e. graspable objects of basic shape) and software. The system provided two modes of interaction with augmented feedback: goal-directed and exploratory. Upper-limb performance was assessed using system-rated measures (movement speed, accuracy and efficiency) and standardized tests. Planned comparisons revealed little change in performance over the pre-test period apart from an increase in movement speed. There were significant training effects, with large effect sizes on all measures except the nuts-and-bolts task. These preliminary findings support the results of an early case study of the Elements system, further demonstrating that VR training is a viable adjunct to conventional physical therapy in facilitating motor learning in patients with TBI.
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2014
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Research in Developmental Disabilities, Oct 1, 2016
The aim of this study was to examine the specificity of motor imagery (MI) difficulties in childr... more The aim of this study was to examine the specificity of motor imagery (MI) difficulties in children with CP. Performance of 22 children with CP was compared to a gender and age matched control group. MI ability was measured with the Hand Laterality Judgment (HLJ) task, examining specifically the direction of rotation (DOR) effect, and the Praxis Imagery Questionnaire (PIQ). In the back view condition of the HLJ task both groups used MI, as evidenced by longer response times for lateral compared with medial rotational angles. In the palm view condition children with CP did not show an effect of DOR, unlike controls. Error scores did not differ between groups. Both groups performed well on the PIQ, with no significant difference between them in response pattern. The present study suggests that children with CP show deficits on tasks that trigger implicit use of MI, whereas explicit MI ability was relatively preserved, as assessed using the PIQ. These results suggest that employing more explicit methods of MI training may well be more suitable for children with CP in rehabilitation of motor function.
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Human Movement Science, Aug 1, 2015
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Papers by Peter H . Wilson