African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM / African Networks on Ethnomedicines, Jan 16, 2007
The bioactive ethyl acetate and N-butanol soluble parts of an ethanolic extract of Byrsocarpus co... more The bioactive ethyl acetate and N-butanol soluble parts of an ethanolic extract of Byrsocarpus coccineus leaves was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel G (60-120 microns) and repeated purification of the flavonoid rich fraction over sephadex LH-20 eluted with methanol led to the isolation of three flavonoid glycosides identified as quercetin 3-O-alpha-arabinoside (I), quercetin (II) and quercetin 3-beta-D-glucoside. Their structures were elucidated by (1)H and (13)C-NMR data and are reported here for the first time in this plant.
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analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The analgesic activity was studied using hot-plate and
acetic acid-induced writhing tests in mice while the anti-inflammatory activity was studied using
carrageenan-induced paw oedema test in rats. The saponins extract at all the doses tested showed
statistically significant analgesic activity (P<0.001) in the two models used for the study and the
results were comparable to those obtained with the standard drugs used in each case. The saponins
extract also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity (P<0.001) at all the doses used in the
study. The inhibition of oedema produced by the extract was comparable to the inhibition produced
by 10 mg/kg ketoprofen. The saponins extract was found to have an intraperitoneal LD50 of 565.69
mg/kg indicating a moderate toxicity. The thin layer chromatographic analysis showed the presence
of triterpenoid saponins. The study showed that the saponins extract of Carissa edulis root has
potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
results of the antimicrobial screening showed that the ethyl acetate fraction at 200mg/ml produced zones of
inhibition ranging from 22.5 to 35mm against the test organisms while the minimum inhibitory concentration of the
fraction were 1.75mg/ml, 1.75mg/ml, 0.88mg/ml and 0.44mg/ml against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi,
Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus respectively. The n-butanolic fraction gave MIC of 7.0mg/ml,
7.0mg/ml, 1.75mg/ml and 1.75mg/ml against E. coli, Staph. aureus, C. albicans and S. typhi respectively. The
extracts exhibited good antimicrobial activity with the ethyl acetate fraction showing more activity than the nbutanol
fractions. The gram positive bacteria are more susceptible to the extracts than the gram negative bacteria.
Results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins on both fractions while saponin
was present only in the n-butanol fraction. The microbial activity of the two fractions can be explained by the
presence of these secondary metabolites.
analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The analgesic activity was studied using hot-plate and
acetic acid-induced writhing tests in mice while the anti-inflammatory activity was studied using
carrageenan-induced paw oedema test in rats. The saponins extract at all the doses tested showed
statistically significant analgesic activity (P<0.001) in the two models used for the study and the
results were comparable to those obtained with the standard drugs used in each case. The saponins
extract also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity (P<0.001) at all the doses used in the
study. The inhibition of oedema produced by the extract was comparable to the inhibition produced
by 10 mg/kg ketoprofen. The saponins extract was found to have an intraperitoneal LD50 of 565.69
mg/kg indicating a moderate toxicity. The thin layer chromatographic analysis showed the presence
of triterpenoid saponins. The study showed that the saponins extract of Carissa edulis root has
potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
results of the antimicrobial screening showed that the ethyl acetate fraction at 200mg/ml produced zones of
inhibition ranging from 22.5 to 35mm against the test organisms while the minimum inhibitory concentration of the
fraction were 1.75mg/ml, 1.75mg/ml, 0.88mg/ml and 0.44mg/ml against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi,
Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus respectively. The n-butanolic fraction gave MIC of 7.0mg/ml,
7.0mg/ml, 1.75mg/ml and 1.75mg/ml against E. coli, Staph. aureus, C. albicans and S. typhi respectively. The
extracts exhibited good antimicrobial activity with the ethyl acetate fraction showing more activity than the nbutanol
fractions. The gram positive bacteria are more susceptible to the extracts than the gram negative bacteria.
Results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins on both fractions while saponin
was present only in the n-butanol fraction. The microbial activity of the two fractions can be explained by the
presence of these secondary metabolites.