Purpose: The purpose of this prospective randomized clinical pilot study was to compare the three-dimensional changes of grafted maxillary sinuses when deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) or cortical mineralized allogeneic bone (MAB) was used.
Materials and methods: Seventeen patients were randomly assigned to receive either DBB or MAB for lateral-approach maxillary sinus augmentation. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed preoperatively (T0), immediately after (T1), and at approximately 6 months posthoperatively (T2). Three-dimensional analysis of the radiographic volumetric changes was performed for DBB and MAB by measuring the difference in unoccupied sinus volumes at T1 and T2.
Results: In the DBB group, a statistically significant increase in unoccupied sinus volume was found at T2 when compared to T1 (P = .001). It represents a mean resorption rate of 23.8% ± 15.9%. Similarly in the MAB group, a statistically significant increase in unoccupied sinus volume was found at T2 when compared to T1 (P = .007). The mean resorption rate in the MAB group was 19.5% ± 10.1%. There was no statistically significant difference between the contraction of DBB (23.8%) and MAB (19.5%) (P = .52).
Conclusion: Both DBB and MAB showed sufficient volume stability at T2 (mean 6.3 ± 1.6 months) postoperatively for 10- to 13-mm-implant placement without the need for additional grafting.