OFFSET
0,4
COMMENTS
Conjecture: a(n) > 0 for all n = 0,1,2,..., and a(n) = 1 only for n = 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 22.
It was proved in arXiv:1502.03056 that each n = 0,1,2,... can be written as x(x+1)/2 + y(3y+1)/2 + z(5z+1)/2 with x,y,z integers. The author would like to offer 135 US dollars as the prize for the first proof of the conjecture that a(n) is always positive.
See over 400 similar conjectures in the linked a-file.
LINKS
Zhi-Wei Sun, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Zhi-Wei Sun, List of conjectural tuples (a,b,c,d,e,f) with {x*(ax+b)/2 + y*(cy+d)/2 + z*(ez+f)/2: x,y,z = 0,1,2,...} = {0,1,2,...}
Zhi-Wei Sun, Mixed sums of squares and triangular numbers, Acta Arith. 127 (2007), 103-113.
Zhi-Wei Sun, On universal sums of polygonal numbers, Sci. China Math. 58 (2015), No. 7, 1367-1396.
Zhi-Wei Sun, On universal sums x(ax+b)/2+y(cy+d)/2+z(ez+f)/2, arXiv:1502.03056 [math.NT], 2015-2017.
EXAMPLE
a(4) = 1 since 4 = 1*(1+1)/2 + 0*(3*0+1)/2 + 1*(5*1+1)/2.
a(7) = 1 since 7 = 0*(0+1)/2 + 2*(3*2+1)/2 + 0*(5*0+1)/2.
a(9) = 1 since 9 = 3*(3+1)/2 + 0*(3*0+1)/2 + 1*(5*1+1)/2.
a(22) = 1 since 22 = 5*(5+1)/2 + 2*(3*2+1)/2 + 0*(5*0+1)/2.
MATHEMATICA
TQ[n_]:=TQ[n]=IntegerQ[Sqrt[8n+1]];
Do[r=0; Do[If[TQ[n-x(3x+1)/2-y(5y+1)/2], r=r+1], {x, 0, (Sqrt[24n+1]-1)/6}, {y, 0, (Sqrt[40(n-x(3x+1)/2)+1]-1)/10}]; Print[n, " ", r], {n, 0, 80}]
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
Zhi-Wei Sun, May 27 2017
STATUS
approved